Abstract
As an effective water management method to respond to the increasing severity of drought, this study proposed a conjunctive operation using a surface reservoir and subsurface dams. The proposed methodology predicts the probable rainfall according to the drought severity and the water demand, and uses these as the basis for water allocation. Sokcho City, located in South Korea, was used as the study case. Sokcho is a tourist city that has suffered from water shortages for many years due to its excessive dependence on a single groundwater dam. Considering conjunctive operation, drought frequency, and drought duration, a total of 80 cases under four scenarios were generated and simulated to determine the water supply capability over the entire year. The results indicate that domestic water can be supplied throughout the year with appropriate water allocation, even when a once-in-50-year drought lasts for 120 days. Furthermore, the water supply potential, which is the additionally available capacity in a reservoir, was used to assess the effects of conjunctive operation. It was estimated that, for a once-in-10-year drought, up to 318% of the annual water demand was available in the reservoir. As the proposed methodology is relatively simple, it offers a useful water resource management tool for sites with similar social and environmental conditions.
Highlights
The severity of drought, in terms of both frequency and duration, is increasing rap-idly worldwide due to climate change, leading to greater negative economic, environmental, and social effects
If the amount remaining after subtracting the allocation from the underground dams from the total supply of domestic water required each month can be supplied by the reservoir, conjunctive operation can be considered feasible
The conjunctive operation of a surface reservoir and subsurface dams for effective water resource management was proposed in the present study
Summary
The severity of drought, in terms of both frequency and duration, is increasing rap-idly worldwide due to climate change, leading to greater negative economic, environmental, and social effects. The advantages of conjunctive operation are not limited to avoiding water shortages and enhancing the water use efficiency [1,4]. It is useful for stabilizing the water supply by increasing the available water capacity in areas where new water resource development is limited or where the water supply is unbalanced [5]. Passive operation involves the independent use of the surface and subsurface water This is usually employed in water management systems that have the scalability to utilize water sources through virtual connections, without restrictions on location, distance, or usage, which are obstacles to physical links
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