Abstract
Congenital idiopathic pleural effusion is a very rare condition in neonates. Majority of the congenital pleural effusion are associated with documented cause such as hydrops fetalis, chromosomal causes, cardiac or pulmonary causes. The congenital effusion is mostly transudate, exudates or chylous. Hemorrhagic pleural effusion without any documented coagulation abnormality is rare. We are reporting a case of unilateral hemorrhagic pleural effusion in a preterm neonate.
Highlights
There is very limited data available about congenital neonatal pleural effusion
Two studies have reported the incidence of neonatal pleural effusion between 0.06-2.2 percent [1,2]
Congenital pleural effusion may be secondary to various disorders
Summary
There is very limited data available about congenital neonatal pleural effusion. Two studies have reported the incidence of neonatal pleural effusion between 0.06-2.2 percent [1,2]. The incidence of isolated congenital pleural effusion is about 1 in 12,000 to 1 in 15,000 deliveries [3]. Multiple causes have been associated with congenital pleural effusion. Majority of these disorders present with hydrops fetalis and bilateral pleural effusion. The content of pleural effusion is transudate, exudates or chylous.
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