Conformity to Masculinity, Alexithymia, and Disclosure of Distress among Indian Men

The study’s aim was to establish the influence of total quality management practices on service delivery in public health facilities in Kisumu East Sub-county, Kenya. The aspects of total quality management practices investigated in this study were: management commitment, staff training, employee involvement and continuous improvement. Descriptive survey research design method was used by the research study. The target population was the medical personnel: The facility doctor/nurse/clinician in-charges, Pharmacy technicians, Laboratory technicians, Nurses from 10 health facilities in Kisumu East Sub-county, Kenya. The study did a census on all the 10 health facilities, the researcher picked 4 respondents from each facility: 1 facility doctor/nurse in-charges, 1 Pharmacy technicians, 1 Laboratory technicians and 1 Nurses. Purposive sampling technique was used to pick the 1 facility doctor/nurse in-charges, 1 Pharmacy technicians and 1 Laboratory technician because most public health facilities just have one personnel in those position. Simple random sampling was used to pick one nurse of the 1-5 that work in those health facilities. The study used questionnaires for data collection. To ensure the validity of the instruments experts were engaged in to review it and make recommendations. Test-retest technique was used to measure and enhance the questionnaires’ reliability. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that there was a significant moderate positive relationship between managerial commitment and service delivery r=0.588** p?0.05.The study established that there was a significant moderate positive relationship between staff training and service delivery r=0.473**.It was established that there was a significant moderate positive relationship between employee involvement and service delivery in public healthcare facilities in Kisumu East Sub-county, Kenya r= .567**, p?0.05.It was found out that there was a significant strong positive relationship between continuous improvement and service delivery in public health facilities r=0.860**,p?0.05.The county government need to further enhance managerial commitment in implementing total quality management practices in the facilities. The county government needs to come up with a policy to ensure regular and systematic on-job training to all the medical personnel in Kisumu East Sub-county, Kenya. The health facility in-charges and the management boards need to institutionalize employee engagement by coming up with a clear framework that shall create a platform for employee participation in total quality management in public health facilities in Kisumu East Sub-county, Kenya. The County government of Kisumu needs to document and sensitize all the health facilities the continuous improvement strategy for healthcare.

Dyadic effects of perceived stress, relationship satisfaction and distress disclosure on emotional distress in colorectal cancer patients and their family caregivers: An actor-partner interdependence mediation model

When and why we disclose distress on SNSs: Perceived affordances, disclosure goals, and anticipated negative evaluations

Research using Western samples shows that talking about unpleasant emotions-distress disclosure-is associated with fewer psychological symptoms and higher well-being. These benefits of distress disclosure may or may not be observed in East Asia where emotional control is valued. Instead, mindfulness may be more relevant to emotion regulation in East Asia (e.g., Taiwan). In the present study, cultural context (Taiwanese nationals vs. European Americans) and mindfulness were examined as moderators of the relation between distress disclosure and both depression symptoms and life satisfaction. A sample of 256 Taiwanese college students and a sample of 209 European American college students completed self-report measures in their native language. Moderated multiple regression analyses revealed significant interaction effects of mindfulness and distress disclosure on both depression symptoms and life satisfaction for Taiwanese participants but not for European Americans. Specifically, distress disclosure was negatively associated with depression symptoms and positively associated with life satisfaction for Taiwanese low in mindfulness but not for Taiwanese high in mindfulness. For European Americans, distress disclosure was not associated with depression symptoms but was associated with higher life satisfaction, regardless of one's level of mindfulness. These findings suggest that the potential benefits of disclosing distress are a function of one's cultural context as well as, for those from Taiwan, one's mindfulness. (PsycINFO Database Record

Participants were 207 female psychology undergraduates who reported past history of completed or attempted sexual assault and had disclosed the assault to at least 1 other person. Participants completed self-report measures of social reactions to sexual assault disclosure, assault-related shame, and symptoms of psychopathology. Participants reported significant histories of attempted or completed sexual assault and indicated clinically significant symptoms of depression and subthreshold symptoms of PTSD and global distress, on average. Evaluation of structural models confirmed the hypothesized indirect effect of negative social reactions to sexual assault disclosure upon symptoms of PTSD (z = 5.85, p < .001), depression (z = 4.56, p < .001), and global distress (z = 4.82, p < .001) via assault-related shame. These findings offer new insight concerning the intervening role of assault-related shame and highlight the importance of shame as a target for therapeutic intervention. This study suggests the need for future research concerning the role of shame in the etiology of PTSD and process of disclosure among survivors of attempted or completed sexual assault. (PsycINFO Database Record

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between women with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and their self-compassion and fear of self-disclosure. The study investigated whether self-compassion could act as a protective factor that lessens the emotional avoidance connected to distress disclosure, using the framework of Compassion-Focused Therapy as a foundation. The study included a sample of 100 women who self-reported having OCD, using a correlational research design. The Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS-SF) and the Distress Disclosure Index (DDI) were used to gather data. SPSS was used to perform independent samples t-tests, linear regression, descriptive statistics, and Pearson correlation. Self-compassion and distress disclosure were found to be statistically significantly positively correlated (r =.318, p =.001), suggesting that women who were more self-compassionate were also more likely to express suffering. Distress disclosure was significantly predicted by self-compassion, according to linear regression analysis, which explained 10.1% of the variation (R2 =.101, p =.001). Although there was no discernible difference in self-compassion between treatment groups, participants in therapy also reported noticeably higher levels of distress disclosure than those not receiving treatment (p =.010). These results imply that in order to help women with OCD become less emotionally reticent and more open, self-compassion may be crucial. The study emphasizes how beneficial it may be to incorporate self-compassion-focused therapies into therapeutic environments.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between distress disclosures, unsupportive responses, and anxiety, and to predict anxiety experienced by college students. Method: The subjects were students from universities in southern Taiwan. They were assessed by using a structural questionnaire including items on distress disclosure, unsupportive responses, and social support, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. A total of 1,650 questionnaires were sent out with 1,612 valid responses collected from December 2007 to March 2008; this was a response rate of 98%. Among the responses, 1540 were analyzed by SPSS12.0 using product-moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis. Results: Disclosure issues and unsupportive responses of college students had significant positive correlations (the more disclosure issues were, the more unsupportive responses). Disclosure intentions and distancing, blaming, bumbling and unsupportive responses of college students were significantly negatively correlated. Disclosure intentions had a significant negative correlation with anxiety in college students. Distancing, blaming, bumbling, and anxiety of college students had significant positive correlations. Factors predicting anxiety among college students were unsupportive responses, disclosure intentions, disclosure issues, disclosure subjects, and the amounts of variance interpreted were 8.8%. Conclusion: When handling anxiety in students, college counselors must take into consideration their expectations and the risks and effects of student's disclosing their anxiety. Counselors can help students find suitable outlets for sharing and exploring their problems. In this way, the students seeking help would encounter fewer unsupportive responses from the other person and may learn to try alternative ways to manage their anxiety.

This study investigates the contribution of social capital and microcredit accessibility to the economic welfare of small-scale farmers. Specifically, the study examines the relationship between social capital and economic welfare of small-scale farmers, the relationship between microcredit accessibility and economic welfare of small-scale farmers in Mityana District and seeks to determine the contribution of social capital and microcredit accessibility on the economic welfare of small-scale farmers in Mityana District. The study uses primary data sources collected from a total population of 384 individuals and uses SPSS to analyse the results using Pearson’s correlation as well as regression analysis. The results in this study reveal a positive, weak, significant relationship between social capital and economic welfare (r=.442, p=.000), moderate significant relationship between microcredit accessibility and economic welfare of small-scale farmers (r=0.497, p&lt;0.01). The study reveals that social capital and microcredit accessibility explain 28.8% of the changes in the economic welfare of small-scale farmers in Mityana district, with microcredit having (β=0.364, p&lt;0.05). and social capital having (β=0.242, p&lt;0.05). This implies that the two variables are statistically significant in explaining changes in economic welfare. The researcher concludes that there is a significant though weak positive relationship between social capital and economic welfare of small-scale farmers, a significant moderate positive relationship between microcredit accessibility and economic welfare and a significant contribution of social capital and microcredit accessibility on the economic welfare of small-scale farmers. The researcher recommends that cooperation should be encouraged among small-scale farmers based on social norms, social networking and social trust to increase their accessibility to microcredit for better standards of living. Government fiscal policies, such as transfer payments intended to improve the economic welfare of small-scale farmers, should be tailored around social norms, social networking and social trust of small-scale farmers and ensure favourable credit terms with easy outreach to increase accessibility to microcredit.

Dentistry is demanding and requires a high level of diligence and resilience, resulting in high stress that may impact students' burnout and well-being. The aims were to: (1) investigate the levels of grit, resilience, stress, burnout, and well-being among students at King Abdulaziz University-Faculty of Dentistry; (2) explore age, gender, dentistry as the first career choice, academic level, grit, resilience, and stress as predictors for burnout and well-being among dental students; (3) investigate the correlations among grit, resilience, stress, burnout, and well-being among dental students. An electronic questionnaire was distributed, comprised of demographic information and five validated scales: (1) grit (grit-8-item); (2) resilience (The Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC)); (3) stress (perceived stress scale); (4) burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory); (5) well-being (World Health Organization-5). The total students number was (n=1057), number of participants were (n=355), and the response rate was (33%). Predictors of well-being and burnout (multiple linear regression analyses) and correlations among the scales (Spearman Correlation Coefficient) were performed. Median age (22 years old). Trait levels varied among students. Grit, stress, and academic year were significant predictors for burnout (p<0.0001), where sixth-year undergraduates showed significantly high, third-year undergraduate and graduates showed significantly low burnout levels. Age, gender, stress, and academic year were significant predictors for well-being (p<0.0001), where older students and fifth-year undergraduates showed significantly low, and males showed significantly high well-being levels. Burnout had a significant moderate positive relationship with stress and a weak negative relationship with resilience and grit. Well-being had a significant negative moderate relationship with burnout and stress and a weak positive relationship with resilience. The levels of grit, resilience, stress, burnout, and well-being, and correlations varied among dental students. The academic level was a common significant predictor between burnout and well-being. We recommend reinforcing existing programs at the school and implementing a resilience program to reduce burnout levels and improve students' well-being.

In 2020, there were 7.2 million jobless Filipinos which may have been mostly caused by the lockdowns imposed during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the education sector, more than 800 private schools closed which affected the employment of over 4,000 educators. Although the unemployment rate in 2023 has since gone down to 4.8 per cent, this experience may have left a lasting effect on job seekers in general and on those in the teaching profession in particular. This study aimed to investigate whether the pandemic’s impact on the loss of employment of educators have altered their mindset in terms of career competitiveness and whether the Dark Triad of Personality Traits plays a role in this. The objective of this study was to investigate the existence of relationships between the Dark Triad of Personality Traits and Cooperation and Competition. The respondents who volunteered for this study were 44 educators who teach in different levels at several schools located in various areas of Metro Manila. The Cooperative/Competitive Strategy Scale (CCSS) as well as the Short Dark Triad (SD3) instruments were administered on the respondents. The CCSS results showed that the respondents exhibited high Cooperation and moderate Competition. The SD3 results revealed that the respondents possess moderate Machiavellianism, moderate Narcissism and low Psychopathy. A significant moderate positive relationship was established between Machiavellianism and Competition. This implies that as the respondents’ Machiavellianism increases, their Competition moderately increases and vice versa. In addition, a significant moderate inverse relationship between the respondents’ age and their Psychopathy scores was found. This suggests that as the respondents’ age increases, their Psychopathy tends to decrease moderately and vice versa. Keywords: Dark Triad, Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, Cooperation, Competition

Introduction: The relationship between sleep quality and athletic performance is an important but little-researched topic in the immense world of football. This study aims to provide insight into how sleep quality affect football players’ choice reaction time, coordination, and fatigue levels, providing important information for training optimisation and improving on-field performance. Aim: To examine the effects of sleep quality on the athletic performance of young football players. Materials and Methods: A total of 40, (U-17)-developmental stage male football players who were able to perform functional keys for choice reaction time task from Chandigarh Football Association were recruited using non-probability convenience sampling. Correlational design was employed to assess sleep quality and fatigue levels using Sleep Quality Scale-(SQS) and Fatigue Assessment Scale-(FAS). Choice reaction time and coordination was determined via Deary liewald reaction time task software and Hand-eye coordination test respectively. Quantitative analysis was conducted by Karl Pearson’s coefficient correlation. Results: Study found a non significant weak positive relationship between sleep quality and choice reaction time, [r (40)=0.025, p=0.881], significant moderate positive relationship between sleep quality and coordination, [r (40)=0.433, p=0.005], and significant moderate negative relationship between sleep quality and fatigue level, [r (40)=-0.517, p=0.001]. Increased sleep quality improved coordination and reduced fatigue levels, while choice reaction time showed no significant improvements. Conclusion: Sleep quality significantly impacts coordination and fatigue levels, but no effect was observed on choice reaction time. Future research should explore various sports with a larger sample size.

Perfectionism and the disclosure of distress

This study investigated the relationship between junior high school students’ self-concept in Chemistry and their academic performance in the subject. A quantitative descriptive correlational design was used. Participants were 300 students from Davao City National High School who had complete data on a standardized Chemistry self-concept questionnaire by Emmanuel Uwadone and official Chemistry grades. Self-concept scores were obtained from a validated Likert type instrument, and grades were taken from school records for a completed grading period. Descriptive statistics, assumption checks, correlational analyses, and simple linear regression were conducted. Results showed that Chemistry grades were generally high and moderately dispersed, whereas self-concept scores were more variable and positively skewed. Pearson product moment correlation indicated a significant moderate positive relationship between self-concept and Chemistry grades, r = 0.400, p &lt; .001. Spearman rank correlation produced a comparable coefficient, ρ = 0.417, p &lt; .001, which confirmed that the association was robust to non-normality and potential outliers. Regression analysis further showed that self-concept significantly predicted Chemistry grades and accounted for approximately 16 percent of the variance in academic performance. The findings suggested that students who held more positive beliefs about their capability in Chemistry tended to obtain higher grades, although self-concept represented only one of several influences on achievement. The pattern of high grades but uneven self-concept highlighted the need to address possible underestimation of competence among some students. The study underscored the importance of classroom practices that support both academic performance and adaptive self-beliefs in Chemistry at the junior high level. Keywords: Academic Self-Concept; Chemistry Achievement; Junior High School; Philippine Secondary Education

This study evaluated the impact of climate variability on maize yield in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State, from 1999 to 2018. Utilising an ex-post facto and analytical design, the quantitative research relied on secondary data from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) and Agriculture Development Program (ADP), Jalingo. Data analysis involved descriptive (time series trend analysis) and inferential statistics (Ordinary Least Square regression and correlation analysis). Findings indicated an increasing trend in average annual maximum temperature (62% variability) and a decreasing trend in average annual minimum temperature (44% variability). Additionally, there was an almost uniform but increasing trend in average annual rainfall (37% variability). Maize yield showed an increasing trend with a 50% variability. Correlation analysis revealed a non-significant strong positive relationship (r = 0.088, sig. 0.712 &gt; 0.05) between average rainfall and temperature and a non-significant weak negative relationship (r = -0.072, sig. 0.762 &gt; 0.05) between rainfall variability and maize yield. However, a significant moderate positive relationship (r = 0.564, sig. 0.010 &lt; 0.05) was found between average temperature and maize yield. Linear regression analysis showed that 33% (r-squared: r² = 0.333) of the variation in maize yield was explained by changes in rainfall and temperature over the study period. The study concluded that rainfall and temperature significantly affect maize yield by 33%. Recommendations included adopting climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, such as using resistant and drought-tolerant species, and educating farmers on climate change impacts and adaptive strategies, including improved agricultural techniques and alternative water sources like irrigation and mulching, to ensure sustainable food security.

The study on the effect of non-verbal communication on the effectiveness of classroom teaching was conducted at the Institute of Accountancy Arusha main campus. The study used a sample of 100 respondents who were selected randomly from BTCA students in the communication skills module at the Institute of Accountancy Arusha. The study used an explanatory sequential design that allowed the combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques in two phases, Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires, while qualitative data were collected through interviews. Validity and reliability were tested by using Cronbach alpha and content validity index respectively. These tests yielded 0.79 and 0.85 respectively indicating that the tools and their findings were reliable and valid. Data analysis was done by using simple linear regression and content analysis for quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The study found that there is a significant moderate positive relationship between the use of non-verbal communication on the effectiveness of classroom teaching. This study has found that effective use of non-verbal communication in classroom teaching leads to effective classroom teaching. Furthermore, the study has found that some students are not aware of the use of non-verbal communication signs. Also, it was found that some teachers use irrelevant non-verbal communication. The current study recommends that teachers should use non-verbal communication effectively but students must be trained on the usefulness of non-verbal communication in learning. Furthermore, there is a need for teachers to use relevant non-verbal communication signs in teaching as respondents said that there are signs that are considered to be non-verbal communication but when teachers use them students never understand them.