Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is the most prevalent form of mucosal allergy, and the conditioned medium (CM) from mesenchymal stem cells has been reported to attenuate some allergic diseases. However, the therapeutic effects of CM from different tissue stem cells (TSC-CM) on allergic diseases have not been tested. Here, we studied the effects of topical administration of different human TSC-CM on experimental AC (EAC) mice. Only human amniotic epithelial cell-CM (AECM) significantly attenuated allergic eye symptoms and reduced the infiltration of immune cells and the levels of local inflammatory factors in the conjunctiva compared to EAC mice. In addition, AECM treatment decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) release, histamine production, and the hyperpermeability of conjunctival vessels. Protein chip assays revealed that the levels of anti-inflammatory factors, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IL-10, were higher in AECM compared to other TSC-CM. Furthermore, the anti-allergic effects of AECM on EAC mice were abrogated when neutralized with IL-1ra or IL-10 antibody, and the similar phenomenon was for the activation and function of B cells and mast cells. Together, the present study demonstrated that AECM alleviates EAC symptoms by multiple anti-allergic mechanisms mainly via IL-1ra and IL-10. Such topical AECM therapy may represent a novel and feasible strategy for treating AC.
Highlights
Allergic diseases have become a worldwide health problem and are increasing in prevalence
Based on the above findings that interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IL-10 mediate the inhibitory effects of amniotic epithelial cell-CM (AECM) on B-cell and mast cell (MC) functions, we examined whether IL-1ra and IL-10 are involved in the effects of AECM on experimental AC (EAC)
As for the anti-allergic mechanism, AECM reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells, including Th2 cells, B cells, eosinophils, and MC, and it suppressed the release of inflammatory factors
Summary
Allergic diseases have become a worldwide health problem and are increasing in prevalence. Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is the most prevalent form of mucosal allergy and currently affects many people in the world [1], with symptoms of itching, redness of the mucosa, swelling of the eyelids, chemosis, and tearing [2]. AECM Alleviates EAC by IL-1ra+IL-10 combination, corticosteroids, and immunotherapy. Longterm administration of antihistamine/MC stabilizers and corticosteroids may cause a variety of side effects, drug resistance, and intolerance [4, 5]. Allergen immunotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with AC [1], its effects on improving symptoms and clinical scores in allergic diseases are short term [8].
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