Abstract
Radio frequency (RF), microwave, and millimeter-wave (mmW) multiport interferometric receivers present a competitive solution for the front-end reception of low-power multistandard and multifunction wireless applications. The systematic generation of rectified waves in a conventional direct-conversion interferometric receiver is highly related to temporal and power changes and the number of subsignals in the frequency band of interest. It can cause the receiver to saturate and, thus, requires auxiliary power-hungry tunable amplifiers and a data converter for compensation. This work presents a heterodyne detection in an RF/microwave interferometric receiver, the first of its kind, which separates the desired frequency signals from the rectified wave components with two output ports through a frequency offset. This architecture also makes use of the field-effect transistor (FET)-based power detectors to combine the received and reference signals, which reduces a theoretical multiport junction loss of 6 dB to 3 dB. In this way, the proposed receiver is set to support the development of an ultralow-power concurrent dual-band wireless system using a single wave-correlator circuit. A mathematical model of the proposed system is derived and subsequently prototyped using off-the-shelf components to evaluate its carrier-to-noise power ratio (CNR) and error vector magnitude (EVM) performances, which can be extended for integrated circuits (ICs) implementation, such as CMOS and III–V ICs. The power detectors only require a bias voltage at gate terminals with zero direct current (dc) power consumption for optimum voltage responsivity and CNR performances. The demodulation of various modulated digital signals, including QPSK, QAM-16, QAM-32, and QAM-64, has been successfully demonstrated in the 24- and 28-GHz mmW frequency bands at 4 MSps of the symbol rate with a maximum EVM of 11.43% root-mean-square (rms) free from any postprocessing linearization and calibration.
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