Concomitant Child Strabismus: Clinical Forms and Treatment

Abstract

Aim: To describe the different clinical forms of concomitant strabismus and the results of treatment. Patients and methods: Descriptive retrospective study conducted from January 2007 to December 2017 (10 years), on records children with strabismic, aged 1 to 16 in the department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Results: Of the 7,722 children collected during the study period, 130 had strabismus, a rate of 1.7%. Forty three (43%) children were boys and 74 (57%) were girls with a sex ratio of 0.75. The average age of the first consultation was 9.3 ± 3.2 years old (1 to 16). The age group of 2-6 years old was the most represented with 43.9% of patients. Depending on the type of strabismus we found as many convergent as divergent strabismus which affects both girls and boys. There was 72.3% monocular strabismus and 27.7% alternation. Dominance was greater on the right, 30.7% and 15.4% dominance on the left. The majority of patients had an initial angle ≥ 25 prismatic diopters (∆), i.e. 43%, 38.5% had a deviation between 10 and 25∆, 18.5% had a deviation between 10 and 5∆. Ametropia was associated with strabismus in 107 patients or 82% of the cases. Optical and orthoptic treatment was prescribed in 67.7% of cases. 11 patients had deep amblyopia. After treatment 54% of the patients had a final deviation ≤ 10∆ and 29.1% had a final deviation ≥ 25 ∆. Conclusion: We found as many convergent strabismus as divergent strabismus. The most representative age group was that of 2 to 6 years old. The treatment was optical and orthoptic.