Conclusion – Children and Youths’ Migration in a Global Landscape: Lessons Learned and Future Directions

"Advancing Health Equity in Cancer-Related Distress: Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic on Leveraging Digital Tools and Future Directions" published on Jul 2022 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.

Corruption has been a longstanding issue in Indonesia, with negative consequences for economic growth, social welfare, and democratic governance. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current state of corruption in Indonesia, as well as lessons learned from previous anti-corruption efforts and future directions for tackling corruption. Through a review of the literature, the paper finds that corruption remains a pervasive problem in Indonesia, with the country ranking 102 out of 180 countries on the Corruption Perceptions Index 2020. The paper also highlights that previous anti-corruption efforts have been insufficient in addressing the root causes of corruption, which include weak governance institutions, lack of transparency and accountability, and inadequate enforcement of anti-corruption laws. In terms of future directions, the paper suggests a multi-pronged approach that includes strengthening anti-corruption institutions, addressing underlying drivers of corruption, engaging civil society, and promoting ethical leadership. The paper also emphasizes the importance of sustained political will and leadership for the success of anti-corruption efforts. Overall, this paper provides insights into the challenges and opportunities for tackling corruption in Indonesia, which is critical for promoting economic development, social welfare, and democratic governance.

The study explores the SBCC training experience in Francophone West Africa and how training programs have been impacted by major pandemics that this region has experienced, COVID-19 particularly. To stay focused, we have selected Côte d’Ivoire as a case study because it is representative of Francophone African countries which faced political instability, pandemics and epidemics in the past two decades. Data were collected through desk review and interviews with key informants. Taking stock of the past to recent experience, both in long-term and academic training, and on-the-job and short-term training on one hand, and examining the influence of COVID-19 crisis on SBCC training in the country and sub-region on the other hand, lessons learned, and challenges ahead are identified. The paper focuses on multidisciplinary, multisectoral and sub-regional responses, e-learning, and professionalizing SBCC, as future directions.

In this work, we present a case study, examining the design, development, and evaluation of an Augmented Reality serious game for cognitive screening (namely Smartkuber), which aims to provide reliable and motivating cognitive screening for the elderly. This case study can be of interest for the game designers and researchers, allowing them to build on previous experiences and lessons learned. Smartkuber’s development process took place in four stages: (1) analysing the state of the art and defining characteristics, (2) setting up and examining the interaction method, (3) adding and evaluating the game content, and (4) evaluating cognitive screening performance and future direction. The “lessons learned” around the design and development of serious games for cognitive screening are discussed, with focus on Augmented Reality, interaction, test validity, and game motivation aspects.

Can We Connect? Benefits and Barriers to Adoption of Transformative Technology in Global Supply Chains

The global business landscape is undergoing a dynamic transformation due to the increasing penetration of internet and communication technologies. This article reviews the e-commerce literature to understand the emerging trends and future directions, which are shaping the competitive trends in the global business landscape. The article focuses on the following research dimensions - e-commerce definition; underlying research themes; theoretical models and frameworks used to understand e-commerce adoption; and key challenges faced by the e-commerce providers. The first contribution involves elaborating the broad perspectives and statistical overview of the selected articles including the publications summary, research themes, methodology, and locations. The second contribution involves presenting an integrated view of e-commerce definitions across five dimensions - information, technology, buy-sell transactions, monetary transactions and competition. The third contribution involves highlighting the theoretical models being used to study patterns of consumer behaviour. The fourth contribution lies in identifying the key challenges faced by the e-commerce organisations.

<i>Background</i>: The COVID-19 pandemic presented a unique challenge to our healthcare system and rapidly changed the delivery of cancer care. During the height of the pandemic in New York State, non-emergent surgery, including cancer surgery, was postponed. For patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer, “bridge” neoadjuvant hormonal therapy was initiated until surgery could be safely performed. <i>Objective</i>: We present our institutional experience with this approach and lessons learned, including oncologic outcomes and factors which may lead to increased medication compliance. <i>Method</i>: This is a single institution, retrospective, observational chart review. Using data from the NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center, we created a database of patients who were diagnosed with ER+ stage 0, I, or II breast cancer and were offered preoperative endocrine therapy (tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors) between March 12, 2020 and June 1, 2020. Variables collected included demographics, tumor characteristics, as well as the rates of medication uptake and compliance. Patients eligible for review were adult (age>18) males and females who had initial visits at our two cancer centers between March 12, 2020 and June 1, 2020, during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York. <i>Results</i>: Of 192 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients seen at the NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center during the study time period, 136 (71%) patients had early stage ER positive breast cancer. Forty-five patients (23%) had not yet undergone surgery, and were recommended to receive presurgical hormonal therapy as a bridge. Average age: 60.5 +/- 13.8 years old (range 31-89). Thirty-four patients (75.6%) had invasive cancer, 8 had DCIS (17.8%), 3 had DCIS with microinvasion (6.7%). There were 9 patients (20%) who did not take the medication. Thirty-six patients (80%) took medication for an average of 43.6 +/- 27.3 days (range 9-101 days) prior to surgery. Twenty-eight patients (77.8%) took an aromatase inhibitor, and 8 (22.2%) took tamoxifen. Forty-two patients have now undergone surgery (93.3%) – the remaining patients include one who is refusing all treatment, one patient who relocated out of state, and another patient who has not yet scheduled surgery, but is still taking an aromatase inhibitor. <i>Conclusion</i>: Despite traditionally low uptake and adherence to endocrine therapy, acceptance of neo-adjuvant bridge therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic was high (80%). We plan to investigate our patient population further, especially psychosocial and behavioral factors that influence willingness to take endocrine therapy – and apply these lessons to management of early-stage ER positive breast cancer.

Mobile information systems show high potential in supporting emergency physicians in their work at an emergency scene. Particularly, information received by the hospital's emergency room well before the patients' arrival allows the emergency room staff to optimally prepare for adequate treatment and may thus help in saving lives. However, utmost care must be taken with respect to the usability of mobile data recording and transmission systems since the context of use of such devices is extremely delicate: Physicians must by no means be impeded by data processing tasks in their primary mission to care for the victims. Otherwise, the employment of such high tech systems may turn out to be counter productive and to even risk the patients' lives. Thus, we present the usability engineering measures taken within an Austrian project aiming to replace paper-based Emergency Patient Care Report Forms by mobile electronic devices. We try to identify some lessons learned, with respect to both, the engineering process and the product itself.

Computational modeling using boundary element techniques has been proposed for design and evaluation of shipboard impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems. LaPlace's equation, the governing differential equation for electrochemical corrosion, is well suited for solution by the boundary element method. There has been much work performed in this field during the past two decades. Computational modeling efforts designed to validate boundary element procedures are reviewed. U. S. Navy ship systems discussed are CG-59, CG-66 and CVN-68. Computational analysis accuracy is determined by comparison with physical scale modeling experimental results. Lessons learned from the analyses described are summarized. Advantages and disadvantages of boundary element modeling are discussed.

This article presents a critical review of the experience gained from planning projects of the Athens Urban seafront area promoted by the Organization of Athens, independently or within various European programs. Structural weaknesses in the existing planning system in Greece (administrative malfunctions, social practices, and scientific approaches) result in difficulties in applying an integrated coastal zone management policy. The new approaches suggested by European policies have both strengths and weaknesses and point to solutions. Lessons learned through innovative approaches used in the project for the Rehabilitation of the Drapetsona-Keratsini Port-Industrial Zone, lead to reflections of general interest about the role of public spatial planning.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused extended global disruption and changed healthcare behaviour and delivery in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, many of whom take immune modifying treatment. Although there were fears about the vulnerability of IBD patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we have learnt that overall IBD patients are equivalent to the general population in both viral acquisition and infection outcomes. Overall IBD patients obtain effective vaccine-induced immune responses, although in some groups an additional vaccine dose is required to constitute a primary course. The pandemic has led to significant changes in healthcare delivery, some of which will be enduring. As we grapple with the challenges of recovery, the lessons learnt will continue to be important in optimising outcomes in future outbreaks.

Lessons Learned From Disasters Affecting Children

The federal CMMI was created to assess new payment and service delivery models for improving health care nationwide. This review reports that during the agency’s first decade of operation, some of the value-based models saved money and improved quality but most did not. The lessons learned and future directions are discussed.

The significance of incorporating adaptation responses within climate and environmental change policies is well acknowledged. The involvement of diverse and relevant stakeholders is essential in the identification, characterization, and implementation of adaptation measures for enhancing resilience and reducing vulnerability. The “Ghana Model” was developed through transdisciplinary and solutions-oriented sustainability science approaches that incorporated collaboration between researchers, scientists, development practitioners in public and private sectors, as well as governmental and nongovernmental organizations under the Enhancing Resilience to Climate and Ecosystem Change in Semi-Arid Africa: An Integrated Approach (CECAR-Africa) project. In this concluding chapter, we discuss the opportunities that exist, and the efforts that can be made, to upscale the Ghana Model to other sub-Saharan African countries with similar socioecological conditions. The lessons learned from designing and implementing the Ghana Model are discussed, and the proposed future actions designed to ensure sustainability are considered.

Communicating Healthy Eating: Lessons Learned and Future Directions