Abstract
sThe paper focuses on the conceptualization and measurement of global justice and discusses theories, concepts, evaluative principles, and methodologies related to the study of global justice. In this paper, we seek to clarify how to conceptualize global justice, how conceptual indicators can be selected and justified by theories, and how those indicators can be conceptually consistent with the concept of global justice. Global justice is a broad concept that is composed of multi-level and multidimensional aspects belonging to both normative and empirical realities. A coherent and integrated theoretical framework that covers the normative basis and various empirical dimensions is therefore much needed in order to address some of the basic and important questions under study. The paper seeks to synthesize the multiple theories and conceptions of global justice that exist in the academic discourse and literature into three main theoretical approaches to global justice—rights based, good based, and virtue based. These three approaches are a good sample of and reflect well the strengths of the different theoretical, intellectual and cultural traditions at play in the study of global justice. From this perspective, the synthesis of the three approaches is meant to provide us with a coherent theoretical framework that serves as the normative basis and justifies the selection of indicators for measurement.
Highlights
This is a group project of Fudan IAS
The paper seeks to synthesize the multiple theories and conceptions of global justice that exist in the academic discourse and literature into three main theoretical approaches to global justice—rights based, good based, and virtue based
The synthesis of the three approaches is meant to provide us with a coherent theoretical framework that serves as the normative basis and justifies the selection of indicators for measurement
Summary
Our conception of justice is mainly based on social justice. As Rawls points out: “For us the primary subject is the basic structure of society, or more exactly, the way in which the major social institutions distribute fundamental rights and duties and determine the division of advantages from social cooperation.” (Rawls 1999, p. 6) The study of justice has been concerned with what we owe one another, and what obligations we might have to treat each other fairly in a range of domains, including over distributive and recognitional matters. They concern the core values on which the identity of a society and its members is structured and organized From this perspective, a significant aspect of a theory of justice amounts to theorizing and evaluating how these two features come together in a society. These principles primarily apply to basic structure of society They are to govern the assignment of rights and duties and to regulate the distribution of social and economic advantages. The principal responsibility of political institutions, such as the state, is to ensure the respect of what actors see as their rights and duties, especially those at the core of their sense of justice. The realization of justice depends on defending individual rights to freedom, and on developing a person’s capability or social functions to realize her freedom, such as satisfaction of basic needs, conditions that lead to a decent life, better education, etc
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