Abstract
This article is devoted to the conceptual development of the transition from drill and blast excavation to a non-blasting method for the preparation of hard rock before excavation at construction material deposits. The scientific and technical literature on the problems in the blasting of hard rock in preparation for excavation is analysed. A classification of mining equipment for the non-blasting development of a rock mass for excavation has been developed, taking into account the nature of the operation of mining equipment. The concept of the transition from drill and blast excavation to nonblasting methods in the preparation of mined rock in non-metallic material quarries is presented. The research results of the parameter determination of the elements of the system for the development of non-blasting equipment at a limestone quarry are presented. The economic efficiency of a hydraulic excavator with a ripper tooth for developing limestone with a strength of up to 30 MPa is established.
Highlights
The development of construction material deposits is one of the most important directions in surface mining, as the extraction of these minerals is essential for the construction, agricultural and chemical industries
The analysis of research works devoted to the equipment and technology of non-blasting development of hard rock showed that the general mining machines for the mechanical destruction are as follows: bulldozer ripper; mechanical shovel; hydraulic excavator with hydraulic hammer; hydraulic excavator with bucket replacement on the ripper tooth; hydraulic excavator; hydraulic excavator with rotary cutter; surface miner; and bucket wheel excavator
The obtained results confirmed the possibility of the concept of transitioning from drilling and blasting to non-blasting methods of hard rock preparation for excavation
Summary
The development of construction material deposits is one of the most important directions in surface mining, as the extraction of these minerals is essential for the construction, agricultural and chemical industries. There are practically no works in which the questions of choosing a certain mining machine from the list of existing ones are considered on the basis of the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks, the performance of the equipment, or the required size fraction of the finished product. This is due to the fact that machinebuilding plants show their developments to the best advantage, but do not cover the problems of their application in specific fields. The choice of effective equipment for the non-blasting development of mineral deposits with high rock strength remains an open question
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