Abstract
Periodic intensity variations in the measured Compton profile anisotropies of ordinary ice I h correspond to distances of 1.8 and 3.0 Å, which are close to the hydrogen bond length and the nearest-neighbor O–O distance, respectively. We interpret this result as direct evidence for the covalent nature of the hydrogen bond. Very good quantitative agreement between the data and a fully quantum mechanical bonding model for ice I h, and the disagreement with a purely electrostatic (classical) bonding model support this interpretation and demonstrates how exquisitely sensitive Compton scattering is to the phase of the electronic wavefunction.
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