Abstract

Due to the increasing integration of renewable forms of generation, ageing network infrastructure, and rapid increase in peak load demand, flexibility is becoming economically more viable and hence significant role player in the future power system. There is vast amount of literature on flexibility covering research, demonstration and validation activities. Nevertheless, there is still no unifying definition of the term "flexibility" and consistent characterizing terms for "flexibility resources". The lack of clarity in definitions and concepts may undermine information exchange amongst stakeholders imposing hurdles on the transition from mature technology to investment decisions and deployment. System operators, for example, require better clarity for the techno-economic evaluation of flexibility resources in their planning processes. This paper, by reviewing prominent flexibility-related publications, proposes a comprehensive flexibility definition and unified characterizing terms for flexibility resources. Furthermore, the paper proposes a taxonomy method which is applied to classify flexibility resources. The presented taxonomy method clears the confusion on "what-is-what" under the concept of flexibility. This paper also presents the benefits of unified characterizing terms in mapping flexibility resources to ancillary services. The benefits are illustrated by considering a realistic use case in a Norwegian distribution network.

Highlights

  • The increased integration of variable renewable energy sources (VRES) distributed across the power system is necessitating the support from flexibility resources and technologies

  • "Flexibility is the capability of the power system to maintain balance between generation and load under uncertainty." "Flexibility is defined as the modification of generation injection and/or consumption patterns, on an individual or aggregated level, often in reaction to an external signal, in order to provide a service within the energy system or maintain stable grid operation." “the capacity of the electricity system to respond to changes that

  • One significant problem in the reviewed literature is the large disparity in the definitions and classifications of flexible resources and the services that they can pro­ vide

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Summary

Introduction

The increased integration of variable renewable energy sources (VRES) distributed across the power system is necessitating the support from flexibility resources and technologies. This is illustrated further within the context of Norwegian distribution systems using a simple case.

Definition of flexibility
Characteristics of flexibility resources
Taxonomy of flexibility resources
Proposal for comprehensive classification of flexibility resources
Grouping of flexibility resources
Flexibility resources and ancillary services
Ancillary services technical requirements
Market phases for ancillary services
Mapping of flexibility resources to services
Discussions and conclusions
Full Text
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