Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical Factors Affecting Drug Compliance in Schizophrenia

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Abstract Background: Noncompliance with prescribed antipsychotic medications significantly increases the risk of illness exacerbation and rehospitalization in patients with schizophrenia. One way to enhance drug compliance involves identifying key factors contributing to poor compliance and enabling the development of effective strategies to improve patient’s adherence to medications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess factors responsible for drug noncompliances and their associations with clinical variables. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, with approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. A total of 47 subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia were included, and their sociodemographic information and consent forms were collected. Noncompliance was evaluated using a Rating of Medication Influences Scale. The severity of the disease was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: A total of 47 patients participated, of whom 15 were male (31.91%) and 32 were female (68.09%). In our study, the factor that showed the strongest association with medication compliance was the perceived daily benefit. Significant associations were observed between drug noncompliance and the younger age group, unemployment, and a high positive PANSS score. The factors associated with antipsychotic drug noncompliance were denial of illness (χ2 = 35.6), stigma (χ2 = 12.97), substance abuse (χ2 = 15.55), and the belief that current medication is unnecessary (χ2 = 36.75). Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia commonly demonstrate a high prevalence of medication nonadherence. Intervention strategies that prioritize patient education about their illness, prescribed medications, and potential side effects have shown promise in enhancing adherence to antipsychotic medication regimens.