Abstract
Various plasmonic nanocavities possessing an extremely small mode volume have been developed and applied successfully in the study of strong light-matter coupling. Driven by the desire of constructing quantum networks and other functional quantum devices, a growing trend of strong coupling research is to explore the possibility of fabricating simple strong coupling nanosystems as the building blocks to construct complex systems or devices. Herein, we investigate such a nanocube-exciton building block (i.e. AuNC@J-agg), which is fabricated by coating Au nanocubes with excitonic J-aggregate molecules. The extinction spectra of AuNC@J-agg assembly, as well as the dark field scattering spectra of the individual nanocube-exciton, exhibit Rabi splitting of 100–140 meV, which signifies strong plasmon–exciton coupling. We further demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a more complex system of AuNC@J-agg on Au film, which achieves a much stronger coupling, with Rabi splitting of 377 meV. This work provides a practical pathway of building complex systems from building blocks, which are simple strong coupling systems, which lays the foundation for exploring further fundamental studies or inventing novel quantum devices.
Highlights
Coherent states allow long-distance quantum information transportation and stable quantum information processing over long time durations [1,2,3]
We provide the statistic results of splitting width from different samples for both the Au nanocube (AuNC)@J-agg hybrid and the AuNC@J-agg/Au nanofilm (AuNF) complex system in Figure 4e, which confirms the wider splitting and stronger coupling in the complex system
We prove that the simple strong coupling system of the AuNC@J-agg hybrid can serve as a building block to construct more complex strong coupling systems, taking the AuNC@J-agg/AuNF system as an example
Summary
Coherent states allow long-distance quantum information transportation and stable quantum information processing over long time durations [1,2,3] Such coherent quantum states can be generated by tuning the interaction between quantum emitters and cavities into the strong coupling regimes. The nanometer-scale sizes of plasmonic nanocavities allow compact on-chip integration with a small footprint They are, ideal nanoscale building blocks (i.e., elementary units of construction or composition) for constructing complex systems or functional devices. Driven by the trend of establishing quantum chips or quantum networks, it is highly desirable to design and study simple plasmon–exciton strong coupling systems and to study how to use them as the building blocks to construct complex strong coupling systems. Our findings provide a route for establishing complex strong coupling systems with simple ones as building blocks, which would stimulate more fundamental studies or more functional quantum-device designs
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