Abstract
Purpose: To identify and compare the composition of volatile components of two Salvia species, and also their free radical scavenging activity. Method: The essential oil of two Salvia species was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) techniques while their phenolic contents were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oils was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2 picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging technique. Results: Seven derivatives were identified for S. verticillata and four derivatives for S. suffruticosa . For both species, the main compounds were 1, 8-cineole ( S. suffruticosa : 31.21 % and S. verticillata : 38.26 %) and camphor ( S. suffruticosa : 27.11 % and S. verticillata : 22.98 %). The content of the phenolic compounds was: ascorbic acid ( S. suffruticosa : 23.98 % and S. verticillata : 33.53 %), p- hydroxyl benzoic acid ( S. suffruticosa 11.50 % and S. verticillata 3.83 %), vanilic acid ( S. suffruticosa 5.86% and S. verticillata : 6.55 %), syringic acid ( S. suffruticosa 6.29 %), ferulic acid ( S. suffruticosa : 6.35 % and S. verticillata 6.04 %) and sinapic acid ( S. suffruticosa 6.26 % and S. verticillata 4.93%). DPPH radical scavenging ability was 0.548 % for S. suffruticosa for S. suffruticosa and 0.558 % for S. verticillata . Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that these two species are rich in 1, 8-cineole, camphor and phenolic compounds. There is no significant difference between the radical scavenging activities of the two essential oils. Keywords: S. verticillata , S. suffruticosa , essential oil, antioxidant activity, GC-MS, HPLC activity
Highlights
Salvia is one of the largest genera of the Labiatae family
Salvia species are aromatic plants, which are rich in essential oil [2]
The essential oils of two Salvia species were extracted by hydro-distillation in a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC - MS
Summary
Salvia is one of the largest genera of the Labiatae family. This genus includes nearly 700 species which are spread throughout the world [1]. Salvia species are aromatic plants, which are rich in essential oil [2]. In the flora of Iran, the genus is represented by about 58 species of which 17 are endemic [3]. The plants are naturally distributed in different parts of Iran and are called ‘’Maryam goli’’ [4] in Persian. The name Salvia comes from the Latin word salvare, which means healer. The salvia species possess antibacterial, carminative, diuretic, hemostatic and spasmolytic activities and are used as herbal teas all around the world [5]
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