Complete dislodgement of a mechanical valve prosthesis: A rare but potentially life-threatening event: a case report

Abstract

Rationale: Complete dislodgement of a mechanical valve is extremely uncommon as a long-term issue after getting a substitute mitral valve, and this report details an incident of complete detachment of a mechanical valve. Patient concerns: A 50-year-old woman, who underwent mitral mechanical valve replacement 2 decades earlier at another facility, was urgently admitted due to sudden cardiogenic shock. Diagnoses: Transthoracic echocardiograms revealed severe malfunction of the mitral valve prosthesis, characterized by significant mitral regurgitation and moderate pulmonary hypertension. Following the insertion of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and an intra-aortic balloon pump, the hemodynamics stabilized. Coronary angiography displayed the prosthetic mitral valve ring and leaflet floating in the left atrium, as confirmed by preoperative real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. A complete separation of the prosthetic ring and leaflet from the suture ring was observed. Interventions: The patient promptly underwent bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement. Outcomes: The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful, leading to discharge in good condition. Lessons: A crucial aspect is comprehending the structure of the prosthetic valve itself. The use of transthoracic echocardiography and real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography provides additional structural and functional details, enhancing support for potential life-saving interventions. Echocardiography plays a significant role in evaluating the morphology and function of prosthetic valves.