Abstract
The rise of peer-to-peer accommodation has challenged the traditional hotel business model. A lingering question is the effect of Airbnb supply on hotel performance. By analyzing 466 estimates from 33 different studies, our results reveal that the negative effect of Airbnb supply on hotel performance is moderate. The meta-regression of effect size recognizes the significant effects of different factors on the strength of the negative effect. In particular, the negative effect is smaller for high-end (vs. low-end) hotels, and its magnitude is shrinking over time. Additionally, the detrimental effect is less pronounced for European (vs. Asian) hotels. The study also reports that negative effects are more common in research published in academic journals. The synthesis of the effects across existing studies contributes to a robust and comprehensive understanding of the impact of Airbnb supply on hotel performance.
Highlights
Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks have radically transformed the way people consume goods and services (Bostman and Rogers 2011; Buhalis et al 2019; Wang, Asaad, and Filieri 2020)
Since the average effect size is negative, the results show that the negative effect of Airbnb supply on hotel performance is less pronounced in European and African countries
Extant studies provide mixed results, with the majority of works reporting a negative effect of Airbnb supply on hotel performance (e.g., Chang and Sokol 2020; Dogru, Hanks, Mody, et al 2020; Dogru, Hanks, Ozdemir, et al 2020; Xie and Kwok 2017)
Summary
Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks have radically transformed the way people consume goods and services (Bostman and Rogers 2011; Buhalis et al 2019; Wang, Asaad, and Filieri 2020). The increasing relevance of P2P exchanges is a topic of great interest to scholars and industry professionals This particular form of exchange is posing threats to traditional businesses across many industries, such as banking, transportation, and hospitality (Botsman 2014). Between July 2018 and May 2019, Airbnb added more than 1 million listings (Airbnb 2020b), raising its share of total accommodation supply (i.e., Airbnb units and hotel rooms). With such exponential growth since its inception in 2008, Airbnb has undoubtedly challenged the traditional hotel industry and set the basis of an agile business model that is more resilient toward potential variations in accommodation demand (Dolnicar 2019)
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