Compatible interface based self-charging fiber for wearable electronic

Abstract

With the rapid development of wearable devices, there is an increasing demand for flexible, eco-friendly, and reliable power sources. The self-charging energy system, which integrates energy collection and storage, has emerged as one of the most promising sustainable energy sources, with an urgent need for its application and implementation. In this work, we proposed a fiber-shaped self-charging system based on supercapacitor (SC) and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). For the supercapacitor, a silver-decorated carbon fiber with PEDOT: PSS coated is used as the positive electrode, while carbon nanotube film/Fe2O3/MoS2 serves as the negative electrode. The assembled coaxial structure not only shortens the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, effectively improving charge transfer efficiency, but also ensures the flexibility and mechanical stability of the device. The designed supercapacitor exhibited a capacitance of 213.3 mF cm−2 and demonstrated excellent stability of 92 % retention rate even after 5000 cycles. Moreover, the negative electrode of the supercapacitor also serves as a compatible interface for the TENG, with silicone rubber coating acting as the friction layer, forming a single-electrode structure. This coaxial structure with a compatible interface allows for higher efficiency in charge capture and transfer, doubling the charging efficiency compared to incompatible structures, while also ensuring flexibility, making it more suitable for wearable applications. By weaving the TENG, it exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 150 V, a short-circuit current of 6 μA, and a high power density of 900 mW cm−2. In addition, it can also serve as a self-powered sensor, capable of accurately detecting human motion and current conditions. This research proposes an effective compatible interface architecture promising application prospect for advancing sustainable development of self-powered wearable electronic devices.