Abstract

espanolAntecedentes y objetivos: El manejo del dolor post-toracotomia debe basarse en un enfoque multimodal que incluye la analgesia regional continua. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia analgesica de dos concentraciones de bupivacaina (0,2 y 0,3 %) a traves de un cateter paravertebral, ambos grupos mas fentanilo 2 mcg/ml. Material y metodos: Se realizo un ensayo clinico aleatorizado, doble ciego, para comparar estas dos concentraciones en pacientes sometidos a reseccion pulmonar por toracotomia en el Hospital Universitario Donostia entre noviembre de 2010 y mayo de 2011 (n = 59). El cateter paravertebral se coloco antes de la intervencion quirurgica, con el paciente despierto en posicion sentada. Los datos se analizaron sobre la base de intencion de tratar. Se utilizo la prueba de Chi cuadrado para variables cualitativas y la t de Student o pruebas de Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon para las variables cuantitativas, en funcion de la distribucion de las variables. El analisis estadistico se realizo utilizando el software de IBM SPSS (version 17). Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias estadisticamente significativas en la funcion pulmonar postoperatoria (p = 0,49), la percepcion subjetiva de dolor (VAS; p = 0,28) o el consumo de morfina acumulada (p = 0,101) en los dos grupos. Hemos observado efectos adversos en 8 pacientes del grupo 1 (29,6 %) y en 12 pacientes (37,5 %) del grupo 2; la diferencia no fue estadisticamente significativa (p = 0,52). Conclusiones: El bloqueo paravertebral toracico continuo durante 48 horas es una buena tecnica para el manejo del dolor postoperatorio despues de la reseccion pulmonar por toracotomia. Con dosis moderadas de anestesicos locales (bupivacaina 0,20 %) se logro un buen control del dolor y observamos un numero menor de complicaciones sistemicas que el grupo de dosis mayores (bupivacaina 0,30 %). EnglishBackground and objectives: Post-thoracotomy pain management should be based on a multimodal approach that includes continuous regional analgesia. The objective of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of two concentrations of bupivacaine (0.2 % and 0.3 %) through a paravertebral catheter, both group plus fentanyl 2 mcg/ml. Methods: We conducted a randomized double-blind clinical trial to compare these two concentrations in patients undergoing pulmonary resection by thoracotomy in Donostia University Hospital between November 2010 and May 2011 (n = 59). The paravertebral catheter was placed prior to the surgical intervention, with the patient awake and sitting upright. Data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. The Chi-squared test was used for qualitative variables and Student's t-tests or Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests for quantitative variables, depending on the distribution of the variables. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software (Version 17). Results: We did not find statistically significant differences in postoperative pulmonary function (p = 0.49), self-perceived pain (VAS; p = 0.28) or cumulative morphine consumption (p = 0.101) in the two groups. We observed adverse effects in 8 patients in group 1 (29.6 %) and in 12 patients (37.5 %) in group 2, the difference not being statistically significant (p = 0.52). Conclusions: Continuous thoracic paravertebral block for 48 hours is a good technique for the management of postoperative pain after pulmonary resection by thoracotomy. With moderate doses of local anesthetics (bupivacaine 0.20 %) we achieved good pain control and observed few systemic complications than major doses (bupivacaine 0.30 %).

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