Abstract
In this manuscript, the retention of aromatic hydrocarbons with polar groups has been compared for systems with various nonpolar columns of the types from C3 to C18 and different mobile phases composed of methanol, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran as modifiers. The selectivity separation of the solutes in systems with different adsorbents, when one eluent modifier is swapped by another, has been explained, taking into account molecular interactions of the solutes with components of the stationary phase region (i.e., extracted modifier depending on the chain length of the stationary phase).
Highlights
Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is one of the most commonly used analytical methods applicable in the pharmaceutical [1,2,3] and cosmetic industries [4,5,6], food analysis [7,8,9], diagnostics [10,11], biomedicine [12], environmental protection [9], and many other fields [13]
In our previous papers we proposed an approach in which separation selectivity can be explained by molecular interactions of solutes and the component of the stationary phase when one modifier is replaced by another [39,41]
The results presented in our previous papers showed a clear dependence of the changes in separation selectivity on the mobile phase modifier type [39]
Summary
Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is one of the most commonly used analytical methods applicable in the pharmaceutical [1,2,3] and cosmetic industries [4,5,6], food analysis [7,8,9], diagnostics [10,11], biomedicine [12], environmental protection [9], and many other fields [13]. The main advantage of HPLC as an analytical method is the possibility of using many options for changing the retention and separation selectivity [11,14,15], like selecting the polarity of the eluent [16], tailoring the mobile phase, and so forth [17,18,19]. It is widely accepted that retention could be caused by adsorption of the analytes onto the adsorbent surface [28] and/or partitioning of the analytes between the stationary and the mobile phases [29,30]. The components of the mobile phase may adsorb on the stationary phase, forming a layer or even many layers [32,33,34,35]. The type and amount of adsorbed molecules of organic modifier have a strong influence on retention and selectivity [36,37,38]
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