Comparison of the Hungarian first order triangulation network with the national GPS network using scale and azimuth differences

Abstract

While the cadastral and topographic maps tie to the classical reference systems and frames, there will be need to know the relation between the classical and GPS-based networks in a particular country. In this study we discuss the scale factor and azimuth discrepancies between the Hungarian first order triangulation and the national GPS network emphasising their practical significance.The comparison of traditional and GPS derived slope and geodesic distances as well as the comparison of the different azimuths make possible the estimation of the scale and orientation differences of the two systems without the knowledge of height and geoid information which may contain additional errors, too.The estimated −4.34 mm/km mean value reflects the significant scale difference, which is similar to the values derived in neighbour countries. The −2.51 arcsec mean azimuth difference reflects the orientation of the two system.