Abstract
Abstract Modification of cotton with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) has been studied extensively and can be operated by means of exhaustion, cold pad-batch, and continuous and pad-steam methods. Most of the research addresses the cationization of cotton fabric after bleaching or mercerization, or during the mercerization process. In our studies, we performed a comparison of the cationization effects on raw, enzymatic, and alkali-scoured cotton knitted fabrics applying CHPTAC according to the exhaustion method. The charge density of the cotton surface was measured using a Muetek Particle Charge Detector and a “back titration” method with polyelectrolytes. These results were compared with the nitrogen content in the samples, K/S measurements of tested samples after dyeing with anionic dye (Acid Yellow 194), and other physicochemical parameters such as weight loss, whiteness, and wettability.
Highlights
In many industries, cationic polysaccharides are replacing the traditional application of cationic polyacrylamides for use as colloid flocculants, due to their lower toxicity and fewer legal restrictions [1]
In research over the past 20 years, the most frequently studied cationic reagent was 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) [6, 7], which has been used in the industry for a long time, and in the cationization of starch among others
In the first fast step, the chlorohydrin form of CHPTAC is converted to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC), which subsequently reacts more slowly either with cellulose to form cationized cellulose or with water to form a hydrolyzed waste material
Summary
Cationic polysaccharides are replacing the traditional application of cationic polyacrylamides for use as colloid flocculants, due to their lower toxicity and fewer legal restrictions [1]. Cationization is the modification of cotton cellulose using quaternary ammonium compounds. The cationization of cotton cellulose changes surface electrical charge (electrokinetic potential) by significantly increasing its adsorption properties [3]. Champetier and Merle [5] have studied the modification of hydroxylated polymers, including cellulose, by epoxy diethylamine-3-propane followed by an ethyl iodide quaternization to yield ion exchangers. They have reported the properties of the modified polymers to acid dyes. Different chemical compounds have been studied to achieve the best results of cellulose cationization [6]. In research over the past 20 years, the most frequently studied cationic reagent was 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) [6, 7], which has been used in the industry for a long time, and in the cationization of starch among others
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