Abstract
目的比较不同扩增体系NK细胞生物学特性的差异以及治疗异基因造血干细胞移植后（allo-HSCT）白血病复发的疗效。方法分别采用CD3/CD52单抗扩增法和饲养层细胞扩增法诱导供者来源NK细胞大量扩增，检测扩增前后NK细胞表型、因子分泌、细胞毒的变化规律；选取16例allo-HSCT后复发白血病患者，8例输注CD3/CD52单抗扩增NK细胞，8例输注饲养层细胞扩增NK细胞，观察患者的治疗反应和长期生存情况。结果①与CD3/CD52单抗扩增体系相比，饲养层细胞扩增体系NK细胞纯度较高、NK细胞表面活化性受体DNAM-1及NKp30表达较高、抑制性受体CTLA-4表达较低，而两种NK细胞NKG2D/CD25/CD69/Trail/PD-1/TIM-3/TIGIT表达差异无统计学意义。②两种扩增体系NK细胞Ki-67指数均明显增加，以饲养层细胞扩增NK细胞尤为明显；饲养层细胞扩增NK细胞穿孔素及颗粒酶B表达水平均明显高于CD3/CD52单抗扩增NK细胞。③16例allo-HSCT后复发白血病患者NK细胞输注过程中均未观察到明显不良反应。NK细胞输注后中位随访时间为2554（917～2583）d，CD3/CD52单抗扩增组中3例患者无白血病存活，5例死亡；饲养层细胞扩增组中6例患者长期存活，2例死亡。5例患者在NK细胞输注前存在移植物抗宿主病，NK细胞输注后移植物抗宿主病未加重甚至缓解。结论CD3/CD52单抗扩增与饲养层细胞扩增体系NK细胞的生物学特性具有明显差异；NK细胞输注对allo-HSCT后复发白血病患者的疗效仍需要进一步验证。
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