Abstract
Satellite-based temperature measurements are an important indicator for global climate change studies over large areas. Records from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and (Advanced) Along Track Scanning Radiometer ((A)ATSR) are providing long-term time series information. Assessing the quality of remote sensing-based temperature measurements provides feedback to the climate modeling community and other users by identifying agreements and discrepancies when compared to temperature records from meteorological stations. This paper presents a comparison of state-of-the-art remote sensing-based land surface temperature data with air temperature measurements from meteorological stations on a pan-arctic scale (north of 60° latitude). Within this study, we compared land surface temperature products from (A)ATSR, MODIS and AVHRR with an in situ air temperature (Tair) database provided by the National Climate Data Center (NCDC). Despite analyzing the whole acquisition time period of each land surface temperature product, we focused on the inter-annual variability comparing land surface temperature (LST) and air temperature for the overlapping time period of the remote sensing data (2000–2005). In addition, land cover information was included in the evaluation approach by using GLC2000. MODIS has been identified as having the highest agreement in comparison to air temperature records. The time series of (A)ATSR is highly variable, whereas inconsistencies in land surface temperature data from AVHRR have been found.
Highlights
Land surface temperature (LST) is a supporting information source for the generation of the Essential Climate Variable defined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), to support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the World Climate ResearchProgramme (WCRP) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [1]
This paper presents the comparison of state-of-the-art remote sensing-based land surface temperature (LST) data with air temperature measurements (Tair) for the pan-arctic regions north of 60 degrees latitude
The following chapter presents the results from the comparison of LST from (A)ATSR, Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) with daily mean in situ measurements from meteorological stations
Summary
Land surface temperature (LST) is a supporting information source for the generation of the Essential Climate Variable defined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), to support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the World Climate ResearchProgramme (WCRP) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [1]. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions from thawing permafrost soils will accelerate rising temperature for the upcoming decades, due to positive feedback mechanisms in the global climate system [4,12]. These circumstances are showing the high importance of a consistent and operational monitoring of climate conditions, such as temperature, within the arctic regions. The problem is the availability of records from meteorological stations, as well as their spatial coverage in these territories The integration of those ground measurements in climate research, such as modeling and trend analysis, will evoke different problems. Remote sensing provides a useful tool to retrieve different land surface characteristics over large areas, such as LST [13]
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