Abstract
BackgroundRecurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common form of oral ulcerative disease, whose cause is still unknown. Researchers have found the association of many factors with the occurrence of RAS, and proposed oral bacterial infection could be a cause for this disease.MethodsTo investigate whether the occurrence of RAS is associated with oral bacterial infection, we performed high throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial samples collected from the normal oral mucosa and aphthous ulcers of 24 patients.ResultsFirmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteriodetes were the most abundant phyla in the microbiomes analysed. The alpha diversities of the oral mucosa and aphthous ulcer microbiomes were similar, suggesting a similar richness and diversity. The NMDS analysis showed the oral mucosa and aphthous ulcer microbiomes are significantly different. This suggestion is further supported by Anosim, MRPP, and Adonis analyses. More detailed comparison of the two groups of microbiomes suggested that the occurrence of RAS is significantly associated with the increase of Escherichia coli and Alloprevotella, as well as the decrease of Streptococcus.ConclusionsConsidering E. coli is a very common intestinal bacterium, we propose that E. coli colonization could be a cause for RAS, and controlling E. coli colonization could help curing RAS.
Highlights
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common form of oral ulcerative disease, whose cause is still unknown
Total DNA was extracted from these samples, from which 16S rDNA was amplified and sequenced by high throughput sequencing
An average sequence depth of 68,633 reads per sample was obtained. These reads were grouped into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) with 97% sequence identity as cutoff
Summary
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common form of oral ulcerative disease, whose cause is still unknown. Researchers have found the association of many factors with the occurrence of RAS, and proposed oral bacterial infection could be a cause for this disease. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common form of oral ulcerative disease that affects as much as 5–20% of the population. It is characterized by shallow round ulcers that afflicts pain on the patients [1]. These lesions are benign and self-limiting, but are usually chronic and frequently recur [2], leading to difficulties in oral functions [3].
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