Comparison of accelerometer cut points for predicting activity intensity in youth.

Previous research has focused on comparing energy expenditure (EE) and accelerometry output in controlled environments in children and adolescents. There are limited data available comparing EE and accelerometers in free-living environments. It is important to determine if accelerometry accurately assesses EE in free-living settings. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if Actical accelerometer count cut points accurately classify physical activity intensity levels in children and adolescents during free play. METHODS: Participants (N=22; 17 males and 5 females) ages 5 to 15 yrs old (mean ± sd: age 11 ± 2.9 yrs; BMI 19.5 ± 4.5) were involved in this study. Participants wore a portable metabolic analyzer and Actical accelerometer while engaging in a simulated after-school program visit, either low activity or high activity. The program closely resembled a typical after-school program and consisted of time periods of both structured and unstructured activity. Physical activity (PA) intensity levels (sedentary (SED), light (LPA), moderate (MPA), or vigorous (VPA)) were assessed using activity energy expenditure (AEE) from the portable analyzer and cut points created by Evenson et al. (2008) for the Actical accelerometer. AEE values were classified based on criteria published by Puyau et al. (2004). Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa were calculated to assess classification accuracy. RESULTS: Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values (respectively) for each PA intensity level follow: SED=0%, 98.6%, 0; LPA=89.7%, 49.4%, 0.21; MPA=9.5%, 92.4%, 0; VPA=63.9%, 87.1%, 0.52. Overall kappa across categories was 0.26. CONCLUSION: The Actical cut points did not accurately classify SED and MOD, since sensitivity was low, specificity was high, and kappa values were zero. Conversely, the Actical cut points were somewhat accurate for LPA and VPA, since sensitivity was fairly high, specificity was high (for VPA), and kappa values were low. The cut points were most accurate for assessing VPA. Previous research in a laboratory-based setting showed comparable sensitivity and specificity to the current values (with the exception of SED), suggesting that classification accuracy may be similar in laboratory versus free play settings. Funded by R01 HD055400 and the NASPEM student grant

The increasing number of elderly individuals in Indonesia has led to a higher prevalence of degenerative diseases, including hyperuricemia. Elevated uric acid levels are often associated with a sedentary lifestyle and low physical activity. Elderly individuals living in social institutions tend to have uniform activity patterns and limited mobility, which may increase their risk of developing elevated uric acid levels. To analyze the relationship between physical activity intensity and uric acid levels among elderly residents at the Kupang Elderly Social Welfare Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD). This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design involving 45 elderly participants selected through purposive sampling. The intensity of physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) questionnaire, while uric acid levels were measured using a Glucose, Cholesterol, and Uric Acid (GCU) Meter Device. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Spearman’s Rho test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Most respondents were aged 60–69 years, and the majority were female. Most elderly participants had low physical activity levels and elevated uric acid levels. The Spearman’s Rho test showed a significant relationship between physical activity intensity and uric acid levels (p < 0.05). There is a significant relationship between physical activity intensity and uric acid levels among elderly individuals at the Kupang Elderly Social Welfare UPTD. Regular physical activity with appropriate intensity according to individual capacity is important to maintain purine metabolism balance and prevent the risk of hyperuricemia.

THU0457 LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATION OF SEDENTARY TIME AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WITH SLEEP QUALITY IN WOMEN WITH FIBROMYALGIA: THE AL-ÁNDALUS PROJECT

This study investigated the ability of published cut points for the RT3 accelerometer to differentiate between levels of physical activity intensity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Oxygen consumption (metabolic equivalents; METs) and RT3 data (counts/min) were measured during rest and 5 walking trials. METs and corresponding counts/min were classified as sedentary, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) according to MET thresholds. Counts were also classified according to published cut points. A published cut point exhibited an excellent ability to classify sedentary activity (sensitivity=89.5%, specificity=100.0%). Classification accuracy decreased when published cut points were used to classify LPA (sensitivity=88.9%, specificity=79.6%) and MVPA (sensitivity=70%, specificity=95-97%). Derivation of a new cut point improved classification of both LPA and MVPA. Applying published cut points to RT3 accelerometer data collected in children with CP may result in misclassification of LPA and MVPA.

In our previous study, we demonstrated that an increase in the amount of daily physical activity might produce beneficial effects on aging-induced reduction of systemic arterial compliance. Regular physical activity, especially vigorous activity levels, inhibits age-related decrease in sytemic or central arterial compliance. However, the effect of mild to moderate intensity of physical activity has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate which intensity level of physical activity would be effective to improve systemic arterial compliance. We examined the relationship between systemic arterial compliance and intensity levels of daily physical activity (activity time corresponding to 6 METs [high]) in 413 middle-aged and elderly subjects (46∼85 y). Multiple regression analysis detected age and time of mild-moderate intensity of daily physical activity as significant independent determinants of systemic arterial compliance. The time of mild-moderate intensity of daily physical activity was significantly related to age and amount of daily physical activity. After age and amount of daily physical activity were taken into account (analysis of covariance), systemic arterial compliance was significantly higher in people who had ≥30min/day of the mild-moderate daily physical activity compared with those who had <30min/day of mild-moderate daily physical activity. These findings suggest that increases not only in the amount of total daily physical activity but also in time of daily physical activity of mild-moderate intensity could improve age-induced reduction of systemic arterial compliance.

ObjectivesTo examine the association of objectively measured physical activity (PA) intensity levels and sedentary time with arterial stiffness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with mild disease activity and to analyze whether participants meeting the international PA guidelines have lower arterial stiffness than those not meeting the PA guidelines.MethodsThe study comprised 47 women with SLE (average age 41.2 [standard deviation 13.9]) years, with clinical and treatment stability during the 6 months prior to the study. PA intensity levels and sedentary time were objectively measured with triaxial accelerometry. Arterial stiffness was assessed through pulse wave velocity, evaluated by Mobil-O-Graph® 24h pulse wave analysis monitor.ResultsThe average time in moderate to vigorous PA in bouts of ≥10 consecutive minutes was 135.1±151.8 minutes per week. There was no association of PA intensity levels and sedentary time with arterial stiffness, either in crude analyses or after adjusting for potential confounders. Participants who met the international PA guidelines did not show lower pulse wave velocity than those not meeting them (b = -0.169; 95% CI: -0.480 to 0.143; P = 0.280).ConclusionsOur results suggest that PA intensity levels and sedentary time are not associated with arterial stiffness in patients with SLE. Further analyses revealed that patients with SLE meeting international PA guidelines did not present lower arterial stiffness than those not meeting the PA guidelines. Future prospective research is needed to better understand the association of PA and sedentary time with arterial stiffness in patients with SLE.

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mounting evidence indicates a potential beneficial effect of vigorous-intensity physical activity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the association between moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, and the risk of HCC remains largely unknown. Two prospective cohorts of 77,535 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 44,540 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study were included. Weekly time spent on physical activities were updated biennially. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). After an average 23-year follow-up, we identified 138 incident HCC cases. A higher amount of total physical activity was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of HCC (top tertile vs. bottom tertile; HR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.51–1.18; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.33). For the same comparison, there was an inverse association between moderate-intensity activity and HCC risk (HR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38–0.94; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.04), whereas no statistically significant association with vigorous-intensity activity (HR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.56–1.37; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.74). Engaging in brisk walking was significantly associated with a lower risk of HCC (over 1 hour/week vs. non-brisk walking; HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31–0.78; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.006). The association between brisk walking and HCC risk was generally present across all subgroups, including age, body mass index, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking status, aspirin use, and alcohol consumption (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;interaction&lt;/sub&gt; ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, moderate-intensity activity, especially brisk walking, was associated with reduced risk of HCC among U.S. men and women. If confirmed, brisk walking might serve a feasible way for HCC prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mounting evidence indicates a potential beneficial effect of vigorous-intensity physical activity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the association between moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, and the risk of HCC remains largely unknown. Two prospective cohorts of 77,535 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 44,540 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study were included. Weekly time spent on physical activities were updated biennially. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). After an average 23-year follow-up, we identified 138 incident HCC cases. A higher amount of total physical activity was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of HCC (top tertile vs. bottom tertile; HR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.51–1.18; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.33). For the same comparison, there was an inverse association between moderate-intensity activity and HCC risk (HR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38–0.94; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.04), whereas no statistically significant association with vigorous-intensity activity (HR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.56–1.37; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.74). Engaging in brisk walking was significantly associated with a lower risk of HCC (over 1 hour/week vs. non-brisk walking; HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31–0.78; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;trend&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.006). The association between brisk walking and HCC risk was generally present across all subgroups, including age, body mass index, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking status, aspirin use, and alcohol consumption (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;interaction&lt;/sub&gt; ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, moderate-intensity activity, especially brisk walking, was associated with reduced risk of HCC among U.S. men and women. If confirmed, brisk walking might serve a feasible way for HCC prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Mounting evidence indicates a potential beneficial effect of vigorous-intensity physical activity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the association between moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, and the risk of HCC remains largely unknown. Two prospective cohorts of 77,535 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 44,540 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study were included. Weekly time spent on physical activities were updated biennially. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). After an average 23-year follow-up, we identified 138 incident HCC cases. A higher amount of total physical activity was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of HCC (top tertile vs. bottom tertile; HR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.51-1.18; P trend = 0.33). For the same comparison, there was an inverse association between moderate-intensity activity and HCC risk (HR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.94; P trend = 0.04), whereas no statistically significant association with vigorous-intensity activity (HR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.56-1.37; P trend = 0.74). Engaging in brisk walking was significantly associated with a lower risk of HCC (over 1 hour/week vs. non-brisk walking; HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31-0.78; P trend = 0.006). The association between brisk walking and HCC risk was generally present across all subgroups, including age, body mass index, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking status, aspirin use, and alcohol consumption (all P interaction ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, moderate-intensity activity, especially brisk walking, was associated with reduced risk of HCC among U.S. men and women. If confirmed, brisk walking might serve a feasible way for HCC prevention.

This study examined self-reported frequency and intensity of physical activity in gastric bypass patients, and the relationship between physical activity and weight loss and psychosocial outcomes during 12-month postoperative follow-up. Participants were 131 obese patients who underwent gastric bypass surgery and completed psychometrically established measures assessing physical activity, depression, and physical and mental health preoperatively and at a 12-month follow-up assessment. Preoperatively, 62.6% of patients reported at least one episode of a minimum of 15 minutes of physical activity per week. This figure increased to 92.4% at 12-month postoperative follow-up. Both the frequency and intensity levels of physical activity episodes increased significantly from preoperative to 12-month postoperative assessments. Hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for demographic variables and preoperative body mass index (BMI), revealed that the intensity of physical activity was significantly associated with postoperative weight loss at 12-month follow-up. Both the frequency and intensity of physical activity were significantly associated with depression, and physical and mental well-being at the 12-month postoperative follow-up. Gastric bypass patients increase both the frequency and intensity of their physical activity during the first 12 months postoperatively. Higher postoperative intensity levels of physical activity are associated with better weight loss outcomes while both increased frequency and intensity levels of physical activity are associated with better psychosocial outcomes.

The increasing number of elderly individuals in Indonesia each year is accompanied by a higher prevalence of degenerative diseases, including hypercholesterolemia. However, with advancing age, elderly individuals tend to experience a decline in functional capacity, leading to reduced physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between physical activity intensity and total cholesterol levels among elderly residents at the Kupang Elderly Social Welfare Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) in 2025. This analytical study employed a cross-sectional design involving elderly residents of the Kupang Elderly Social Welfare UPTD. Data were examined through both univariate and bivariate analyses employing the Chi-square test with a significance threshold of p &lt; 0.05. A majority of the respondents fell into the young elderly category (60–69 years) and were mostly women. The findings revealed that the greater part of older participants showed low intensity in physical activity while having elevated total cholesterol levels. The Chi-square analysis demonstrated a meaningful connection between the intensity of physical activity and total cholesterol levels (p &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that a decrease in physical activity intensity correlates with an increase in total cholesterol levels among seniors. A noteworthy relationship exists between physical activity intensity and total cholesterol levels in elderly individuals at Kupang Elderly Social Welfare UPTD. Regular and appropriately tailored physical activity serves as an important strategy to maintain lipid metabolism balance and prevent cardiovascular disease risks in the elderly population.

Interpreting accelerometer output for children and youth is challenging because characteristics related to growth and development can affect the resultant activity counts and the equations used to convert counts to energy expenditure (EE). PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to: 1) compare different equations (Heil 1 regression (H1), Heil 2 regression (H2), and Puyau (P)) available for converting counts into EE data and 2) explore the classification accuracy of count cutpoints for different physical activity (PA) intensity levels (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA)) for each equation and the Evenson (E) cutpoints. METHODS: Children and youth (N = 101; 62 boys and 39 girls; 6-16 yrs old; 11.2 ± 2.8 yrs, 95% White) wore a portable metabolic analyzer (breath-by-breath measures) and an omnidirectional accelerometer (set to 15-sec epochs) during 12 different activities of various intensity levels, including supine rest. Most activities were performed for five minutes (rest was 10 minutes), and two minutes of steady state from each activity were analyzed. EE data were reduced to kcal/kg/min, and resting values were subtracted to provide activity energy expenditure (AEE) values. The relationship between observed and predicted AEE values was characterized using Pearson correlation and the weighted kappa statistic. Sensitivity and specificity calculations were used to evaluate the classification accuracy. RESULTS: The correlations between observed and predicted EE were r = 0.88, 0.87, and 0.89 (P < 0.0001) for the H1, H2, and P equations, respectively. Kappas were 0.54, 0.55, 0.49, and 0.63 for the H1, H2, P, and E cutpoints across activities, respectively. Sensitivities ranged from 1.4-100.0%, and specificities ranged from 62.4-98.8% across PA intensity classifications. Sedentary activities showed the highest sensitivities across equations (99.6-100.0%), while light activities showed the lowest (1.4-41.9%). Specificities were the highest for MVPA (97.8-98.8%) across activities, while they were the lowest for sedentary activities (62.4-81.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The three equations were similar in their abilities to estimate EE. Of the four sets, the Evenson cutpoints appeared to exhibit the best sensitivity and specificity values. Funded by NICHD (RO1 HD055400-02)

Estimating cut points: A simple method for new wearables

A validation study of the use of smartphones and wrist-worn ActiGraphs to measure physical activity at different levels of intensity and step rates in older people

To get insight into the potential significance of objectively measured sedentary time (ST), and physical activity (PA) intensity levels on sleep quality (SQ) in women with fibromyalgia; and to assess whether those who meet moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) recommendations have better SQ than their counterparts. Four-hundred and nine women with fibromyalgia (age range 30-65years old) from Andalusia (southern Spain) were included in this cross-sectional study. Sedentary time, PA intensity levels (light, moderate, and MVPA), and total PA were assessed with accelerometers during seven consecutive days. Sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index self-report questionnaire. Higher ST was associated with worse subjective SQ, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and SQ global score (all, P<0.05). All PA levels were associated with better subjective SQ and sleep latency and with less sleep medication and daytime dysfunction (all, P<0.05). In addition, light and total PA were associated with better sleep efficiency, SQ global score, and less sleep disturbances (all, P<0.05). Finally, women meeting bouted PA recommendations displayed better SQ than patients not meeting the recommendations (bouted or non-bouted). Lower ST and greater PA levels are associated with better SQ in women with fibromyalgia. This result demonstrates that those patients with fibromyalgia who reduce periods of inactivity and perform PA could be better sleepers, which might contribute to a lower severity of the disease. It is noteworthy that meeting bouted PA recommendations is associated with better SQ.