Abstract
Objective To assess the viability of bovine ovarian tissue after cryopreservation through either slow freezing or vitrification, and to compare it to that of control tissue by performing morphological analyses. Methods The study included 20 bovine ovarian cortex fragments that were divided into control, vitrification, and slow freezing groups. Each group consisted of four fragments of the same ovary, two fixed without cultivation, and two fixed with cultivation. Tissues were evaluated based on follicular morphology immediately after heating and after 7 days of culture, and compared with the control group. Results A total of 240 fragments were analyzed, generating a sample of 1,344 follicles without cultivation and 552 with cultivation. When the non-cultivated samples were classified as non-atretic follicles, 572 were found in the control group, 289 in the vitrification group, and 373 in the slow freezing group, showing no significant differences. When classified as atretic, 46 follicles were found in the control group, 23 in the vitrification group, and 41 in the slow freezing group, also showing no statistical difference. In the post-culture sample, an evolution of the follicular stages could be observed. This finding was important to support that the follicles considered non-atretic in the non-cultivated group were actually viable in the morphological evaluation. Conclusion With no differences between the protocols, vitrification was shown to be an advanced and alternative method for patients who will undergo treatments that carry the risk of ovarian failure, as the method is less expensive, faster, and more adaptable to laboratory routine.
Highlights
Fertility preservation is aimed at increasing the probability of men and women having biological children after their reproductive abilities are impaired due to several causes.[1]
Palavras-chaves ► tecido ovariano ► vitrificação ► congelamento lento ► fertilidade carry the risk of ovarian failure, as the method is less expensive, faster, and more adaptable to laboratory routine
Of the 240 ovarian tissue fragments from the 20 ovaries of cows, 120 non-cultivated analyzed fragments provided a sample of 1,344 follicles, which were the subject of our morphological analysis without culture
Summary
Fertility preservation is aimed at increasing the probability of men and women having biological children after their reproductive abilities are impaired due to several causes.[1]. Techniques for the cryopreservation of embryos, oocytes and ovarian tissue have been used to preserve female fertility.[4] The use of oocytes and embryos is an alternative that has been established and standardized.[5] its application is not without limitations.[6] The main limitations are the time required for the application, the high doses of hormones used during ovarian stimulation, and the impossibility of use in children and adolescents.[7,8] Considering these difficulties, procedures for ovarian tissue cryopreservation that can be used in pre-pubescent young patients and in those who require immediate treatment, without time for ovarian stimulation, should be developed. Results may be better than the current ones with oocyte and embryo freezing,[9] as cryopreserved fragments could be transplanted back into the patients to achieve pregnancy, and to restore hormone production
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