Abstract
RNA-seq was used to compare the transcriptomic response of hepatopancreas in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei fed three diets with different lipid sources, including beef tallow (BT), fish oil (FO), and an equal combination of soybean oil + BT + linseed oil (SBL) for 8 weeks at 3 practical salinity unit (psu). A total of 9622 isogenes were annotated in 316 KEGG pathways and 39, 42 and 32 pathways significantly changed in the paired comparisons of FO vs SBL, BT vs SBL, or FO vs BT, respectively. The pathways of glycerolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, fatty acid degradation, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid were significantly changed in all paired comparisons between dietary lipid sources, and the pathways of glycerolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism significantly changed in the FO vs SBL and BT vs SBL comparisons. These pathways are associated with energy metabolism and cell membrane structure. The results indicate that lipids sources affect the adaptation of L. vannamei to low salinity by providing extra energy or specific fatty acids to change gill membrane structure and control iron balance. The results of this study lay a foundation for further understanding lipid or fatty acid metabolism in L. vannamei at low salinity.
Highlights
As a euryhaline penaeid species, the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei has become an emerging species for crustacean farming in inland low salinity water [1]
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) successfully revealed the dietary lipid sources significantly changed the pathways of glycerolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, fatty acid degradation and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid
We found that relevant gene expressions in the pathways of fatty acid elongation and unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis, which supports the above assumption
Summary
As a euryhaline penaeid species, the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei has become an emerging species for crustacean farming in inland low salinity water [1]. Relatively high production of L. vannamei has been achieved, economic profit is hindered by slow growth and low survival [2], low immune ability [3], and low stress resistance [2, 4] at low salinity. Various studies have been conducted on L. vannamei growth and survival [5,6,7], immune response [8, 9] and nutritional requirements at low salinity [10,11,12,13,14,15], but little is known on the PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0144889. Various studies have been conducted on L. vannamei growth and survival [5,6,7], immune response [8, 9] and nutritional requirements at low salinity [10,11,12,13,14,15], but little is known on the PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0144889 December 15, 2015
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