Abstract
BackgroundHypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Increased blood cholesterol affects general health and increases mortality due to cardiovascular disease. Poor nutrition increases LDL cholesterol and decreases LDL receptor activities in the liver. Scientists have shown that consumption of antioxidants can reduce hypercholesterolemia and proved benefits of fruit and vegetables. Tomato reduces oxidative stress by increasing serum total antioxidant level.ObjectivesThis study compared the tomato and tomato paste supplementation on the level of serum lipids and lipoproteins in rats fed with high cholesterol.Materials and MethodsIn this study, four male rat groups (10 rats per group) were used. Control group received basal diet, second group received basal diet and 2% cholesterol (Chol), third and fourth groups received basal diet, 2% cholesterol tomato and tomato paste respectively (20 percent of the diet) for a month. Then serum TC, LDL, HDL and TG were measured.ResultsResults showed that in Chol group, all lipids increased significantly (P < 0.05) except HDL compared to the control group. Tomato and tomato paste supplementation decreased TC, LDL and TG concentration significantly (P < 0.05) compared to Chol group. Tomato paste had the higher effect on lipids decreasing than tomato.ConclusionsDecreases of TC, LDL and TG may be related to tomato antioxidant effect. This course in human required more investigations.
Highlights
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases
Increased serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) level, are the main factors involved in cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary atherosclerosis, the development that causes inflammation and reduces the endothelial function and wide vascular lesions [4]
Studies indicate that changes in blood concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins, including triglyceride (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol (TC) are involved in atherosclerosis; they are used in diagnosis of this type of diseases
Summary
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Increased blood cholesterol affects general health and increases mortality due to cardiovascular disease. Poor nutrition increases LDL cholesterol and decreases LDL receptor activities in the liver. Objectives: This study compared the tomato and tomato paste supplementation on the level of serum lipids and lipoproteins in rats fed with high cholesterol. Results: Results showed that in Chol group, all lipids increased significantly (P < 0.05) except HDL compared to the control group. Conclusions: Decreases of TC, LDL and TG may be related to tomato antioxidant effect. Studies showed that increase of triglyceride and cholesterol levels could decrease blood HDL level [3]. Increased serum LDL level and decreased HDL level, are the main factors involved in cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary atherosclerosis, the development that causes inflammation and reduces the endothelial function and wide vascular lesions [4].
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