Abstract
The electrical characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) modules are affected by solar radiation and module temperature in outdoor environment. It was found that polycrystalline gained a yearly 0.50°C more average module temperature than monocrystalline. Non-crystalline amorphous modules got a yearly 0.83°C more average temperature than thin film modules. The attainment and release of module temperature was related with material properties of PV module technologies. The amorphous module gave 5.7%, 2.7% and 15.0% more yearly average open-circuit voltage than polycrystalline, monocrystalline and thin film modules. Besides that, the thin film modules gave 6.5% and 1.7%, 9.3% and 4.0%, and 11.3% and 8.8% more yearly average normalized short-circuit current and power output than polycrystalline, monocrystalline and thin film modules respectively. It was shown that the maximum annual average open-circuit voltage was given by amorphous modules and maximum short-circuit current and power output by thin film modules during the study period.
Highlights
Solar PV systems produce electricity by converting sunlight directly into electricity
Each PV module is rated under standard test conditions [4,5] and such conditions could not be maintained in outdoor environments [6,7]
It was noted that global solar radiation (Gsr) and Ta were rising from morning until noon, and were decreasing gradually until the evening
Summary
Solar PV systems produce electricity by converting sunlight directly into electricity. The power output (I-V, current-voltage) of modules is influenced by the intensity of solar radiation and module temperature [8]. Authors in [20] analyzed the electrical characteristics of polycrystalline, monocrystalline, amorphous, and thin film PV modules at 8:00, 12:00 and 16:00 hours from April to June 2016, and found that the polycrystalline module performed better than the others. This analysis was performed for a period of only three months, whereas the performance of modules requires to be examined for the entire year. This study was conducted to determine the impact of module temperature on the electrical characteristics of PV modules for an entire year
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