Abstract
The preparation and characterization of LiNi 1− x Co x O 2 compounds (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1) having a space group R 3 m, for 4 volt secondary lithium cells were investigated. By developing processing methods, homogeneous LiNi 1− x Co x O 2 samples were obtained and characterized by XRD, ir and magnetic susceptibility measurements. When increasing x in LiNi 1− x Co x O 2, the unit cell dimensions a and c in hexagonal setting, decreased almost linearly as a function of x. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated that LiNi 1− x Co x O 2 consists of low-spin states of Co 3+ ( t 6 2g e 0 g) and Ni 3+ ( t 6 2ge 1 g). All samples may be used as positive electrodes in nonaqueous lithium cells. Of these, LiCoO 2 showed the highest working voltage and about 120 mAh g −1 of rechargeable capacity, and LiNi 1 2 Co 1 2 O 2 showed the lowest working voltage and about 130 mAh g −1 of rechargeable capacity in the voltage range 2.5–4.2 V in 1 M LiClO 4 propylene carbonate solution. LiNiO 2 has more than 150 mAh g −1 of rechargeable capacity with working voltages above 3.5 V. Secondary lithium ion cells which consisted of LiNi 1− x Co x O 2 cathodes and natural graphite anodes, were also examined and the specific problems of establishing an innovative secondary lithium cell were discussed.
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