Abstract
Maritime liens are real security against the maritime estate and subject to the special system of payment and particular procedural rules which encourage the maritime creditors to help the vessels for continuing the voyage by providing the maritime liens and enforcing them immediately. Bankruptcy litigation, on the other hand, contains specific rules regarding the liquidation of commercial reconstruction of a merchant, which is subject to national rules for the termination of all ongoing litigation and the application of special provisions relating to the collective settlement of all debts in a single proceeding that can create the implementation phase with the rules of maritime law. This paper deals with the various kinds of these conflicts and provides the manners of solving them through the analytical and descriptive method and by using the library resources and the comparative study in the legal system of Iran, England, and France. Finally, the results of the research indicate that considering the specificity of each of the bankruptcy and maritime laws, it seems necessary to formulate a rule to delimit each of the above two systems. In this respect, it is proposed that security rights over the ships are addressed within the particular regime they belong to, regardless of the time of their creation (before or after the bankruptcy procedure over the ship-owner commenced).
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