Abstract
This article applies loglinear models of social mobility to six surveys in Australia and Japan covering the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, distinguishing vertical from nonvertical effects. We carry out point and trend analyses that further confirm the Featherman, Jones and Hauser (FJH) hypothesis about the fundamental invariance of mobility regimes in industrial societies. Apart from developing the underlying theory further, we test for invariance in patterns of observed mobility (the Lipset and Zetterberg [LZ] hypothesis), and for invariance in relative mobility chances (the FJH hypothesis). Somewhat surprisingly, our trend analyses lend some support to the LZ hypothesis, although they give greater support to the FJH hypothesis. There are much greater differences in observed mobility rates over time and between countries than there are in relative mobility chances. Using more detailed models, we find no evidence of change over time in the strength or pattern of association between social origins and social destinations in Japan between 1965 and 1985, and some evidence of increasing openness in Australia.
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