Abstract
BackgroundPeanut is one of the most important oil and protein crops, and it exhibits wide cultivar variations in shoot Cd accumulation ability. However, the mechanism of Cd accumulation in peanut shoots has not been well understood. In this study, the root proteomics of two cultivars differing in seed Cd accumulation, Fenghua 1 (F, low Cd cultivar) and Silihong (S, high Cd cultivar), were investigated under 0 (CK) and 2 μM Cd conditions.ResultsA total of 4676 proteins were identified by proteomics screening. Of them, 375, 1762, 1276 and 771 proteins were identified to be differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) for comparison of FCd/FCK, SCd/SCK, FCK/SCK and FCd/SCd, respectively. Silihong is more sensitive to Cd exposure than Fenghua 1 in terms of root proteomics. A total of 30 and 86 DEPs were identified to be related with heavy metal transport and cell wall modification, respectively. The up-regulation of ABCB25, ABCC14, ABCC2, PDR1 and V-ATPases by Cd exposure in Silihong might enhance vacuolar sequestration of Cd and its efflux from symplast to apoplast. The higher Cd accumulation in the root CWs of Silihong might be resulted from its higher capability of CW modification, in which many proteins such as IRX10L, BGLU12-like, BGLU42, EXLB1, XTH30, XTH6, XYL7, PAL3, COMT, CAD1, and CCR1 were involved.ConclusionsThe vacuolar sequestration and efflux of Cd as well as its adsorption in CW might be the principal mechanism of cadmium detoxification in Silihong. The higher capacity of Cd accumulation and translocation of Silihong is an inherent characteristics in which ACA8 and ZIP1 might be involved.
Highlights
Peanut is one of the most important oil and protein crops, and it exhibits wide cultivar variations in shoot Cd accumulation ability
Cd concentrations in roots were observed to be higher in Silihong than in Fenghua 1, depending on Cd treatments (Fig. 1a)
When plants were exposed to 2 μM Cd, Silihong had higher Cd concentrations in the Cell wall (CW) as well as in the hemicelluloses (HC1 and HC2) and cellulose than Fenghua 1, whereas Cd concentrations in the pectin were higher in Fenghua 1 than in Silihong (Fig. 2a)
Summary
Peanut is one of the most important oil and protein crops, and it exhibits wide cultivar variations in shoot Cd accumulation ability. Contamination of soil with Cd directly leads to its overaccumulation in the edible parts of crops, resulting in health risks to human beings through food chains. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the world, and it is a supplementary food due to its high nutrition. Peanut has a high Cd enrichment capacity in vegetative organs and seeds, showing a wide variation among cultivars [3,4,5,6,7]. The Cd concentration in peanut seeds mainly determined by the attenuation of Cd by high biomass of vegetative tissues and Cd-binding proteins in seeds [3, 5].
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