Abstract
Fruits and vegetables (F and V) are valuable for their micronutrients, but many Fruits and Vegetables in diverse growth areas have not been scientifically validated for these components. The nutraceutical characteristics of the seeds of eight citrus fruits grown in Pakistan (Rawalpindi region) were, therefore, investigated. Expectedly, the seeds of citrus varieties differed in moisture (44.5% to 54.8%), ash (0.97% to 3.13%), crude protein (5.61% to 4.06%), crude fat (20.3% to 15.3%), crude fiber (16.4%to 9.52%) and carbohydrates (17.5% to 10.2%) contents. Potassium, sodium and magnesium were the major minerals, while iron, zinc and manganese were present in minor fractions in the seeds. Phytochemical analysis (total phenolic content, 129 to 99.1µg/g GAE and total flavonoids content, 35.11 to 13.21 µg/g QE) revealed antioxidant potential that was confirmed by a high 1,1-diphenyl 1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, showing a highly positive correlation (r2 > 0.832, 0.667 p > 0.05) with the measured antioxidant components (Total Phenolics and Total Flavonoids). The analysis shows a significant relationship between the citrus varieties and their quality parameters to guide their industrial potential as sources of nutraceuticals. Keywords: Antioxidant constituent; Citrus varieties; Minerals constituent and Proximate constituent http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90001
Highlights
3.13%), crude protein (5.61% to 4.06%), crude fat (20.3% to 15.3%), crude fiber (16.4%to 9.52%) and carbohydrates (17.5% to 10.2%) contents
Objectives are set to attain the aim include the assessment of proximate constitute (moisture, ash, crude, minerals constitute (major minerals K, Na and Mg, Minor minerals Fe, Zn and Mn and antioxidant constituents (antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activity (1, 1-diphenyl 1-2picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity) The result of this study may provide basis for beneficial use of citrus fruit seeds
The total flavonoid was calculated using quercetin as a standard [14]. 1, 1-diphenyl 1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical scavenging assay An equal volume of the extract was added to methanolic solution of DPPH (0.7 mM) and held for 30 min. at room temperature before the absorbance was measured at 517 nm using the spectrophotometer
Summary
3.13%), crude protein (5.61% to 4.06%), crude fat (20.3% to 15.3%), crude fiber (16.4%to 9.52%) and carbohydrates (17.5% to 10.2%) contents. World’s production of in citrus fruit amongst which 60 are Published by Bolan Society for Pure and Applied Biology flavonoids which shows antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and blood clotting inhibiting characteristics [3] It was consumed all over the world with many beneficial components like vitamin C act as an antioxidant that enhances the human body immune system and for scavenging free radicals [4], vitamin A for skin and vision, vitamin B-complex like thiamin, folates and pyridoxine these are necessary in a sense that human body needs them from external sources to replenish [5]. Objectives are set to attain the aim include the assessment of proximate constitute (moisture, ash, crude (fat, fiber and protein and carbohydrates), minerals constitute (major minerals K (potassium), Na (sodium) and Mg (magnesium), Minor minerals Fe (iron), Zn (zinc) and Mn (manganese) and antioxidant constituents (antioxidant compounds (total phenolicas and total flavonoids) and antioxidant activity (1, 1-diphenyl 1-2picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity) The result of this study may provide basis for beneficial use of citrus fruit seeds.
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