Abstract
In the present study, the complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Daphnis nerii (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) is described. The mitogenome (15,247 bp) of D.nerii encodes13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) and an adenine (A) + thymine (T)-rich region. Its gene complement and order is similar to that of other sequenced lepidopterans. The 12 PCGs initiated by ATN codons except for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene that is seemingly initiated by the CGA codon as documented in other insect mitogenomes. Four of the 13 PCGs have the incomplete termination codon T, while the remainder terminated with the canonical stop codon. This mitogenome has six major intergenic spacers, with the exception of A+T-rich region, spanning at least 10 bp. The A+T-rich region is 351 bp long, and contains some conserved regions, including ‘ATAGA’ motif followed by a 17 bp poly-T stretch, a microsatellite-like element (AT)9 and also a poly-A element. Phylogenetic analyses based on 13 PCGs using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) revealed that D. nerii resides in the Sphingidae family.
Highlights
The oleander hawk moth, D.nerii (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) is one of the most widely distributed species of Sphingidae
We described the complete sequence of the mitogenome of D. nerii and compared it with other Lepidoptera species sequenced to date to highlight evolution of Lepidopterans, phylogenetic relation-ships of Bombycoidea
Intergenic Nucleotides 0 -3 55 -2 2 0 14 0 0 0 1 0 -7 -1 2 0 3 -1 0 -1 -1 -2 0 0 24 -1 4 -1 1 -1 -6 18 0 0 0 1 1 revealed 38 mitogenome regions, including 13 protein-encoding regions (PCGs: atp6, atp8, cox1, cox2, cox3, cytb, nad1, nad2, nad3, nad4, nad5, nad6, and nad4L), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs)-encoding regions, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs)-encoding regions and a large non-coding-region with high A+T-rich composition that is usually found in most animal mtDNAs (Table 3)
Summary
The oleander hawk moth, D.nerii (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) is one of the most widely distributed species of Sphingidae It occursin the tropical and subtropical regions ranging from Africa to south-east Asia. Nerium oleander has been documented as the most preferred host of the D.nerii The management of this species is extremely important and that require deep knowledge on its different biological aspects[1]. The metazoan mitogenome is a closed-circular DNA molecule, ranged in size from 14 to 19 kilobases (kb), including intergenic spacers being very short or absent[5] It contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs)[6]. We described the complete sequence of the mitogenome of D. nerii and compared it with other Lepidoptera species sequenced to date to highlight evolution of Lepidopterans, phylogenetic relation-ships of Bombycoidea
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