Abstract
Vegetable oil as an alternative fuel for diesel engine has attracted much attention all over the world, and it is also expected to achieve the goal of global carbon neutrality in the future. Although the product after transesterification, biodiesel, can greatly reduce the viscosity compared with vegetable oil, the high production cost is one of the reasons for restricting its extensive development. In addition, based on the current research on biodiesel in diesel engines, it has been almost thoroughly investigated. Therefore, in this study, crude palm oil (CPO) was directly used as an alternative fuel to be blended with commercial diesel. The combustion, engine performance and emissions were investigated on a 4-cylinder, turbocharged, common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine fueled with different diesel-CPO blends according to various engine loads. The results show that adding CPO to diesel reduces the maximum in-cylinder pressure and maximum heat release rate to 30 Nm and 60 Nm. The most noteworthy finding is that the blend fuels reduce the emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke, simultaneously. On the whole, diesel fuel blended with 30% CPO by volume is the best mixing ratio based on engine performance and emission characteristics.
Highlights
The diesel engine is widely used in transportation, power generation, agriculture, the military, construction, mining, maritime, propulsion and stationary, because of its high torque, good stability, superior thermal efficiency, fuel economy and other advantages [1,2].In particular, the diesel engine is a compression-ignition type, which has absolute advantages in high output power
The results showed that all metal-oxide based nanoparticles increased the cetane number, oxygen content, viscosity, and heating value of biodiesel
Five blended fuels were prepared through blending crude palm oil (CPO) at 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50% by volume with diesel fuel, which corresponded to BP0, BP10, BP30, and
Summary
The diesel engine is a compression-ignition type, which has absolute advantages in high output power. This is one of the reasons why the current electric engine cannot completely replace the diesel engine. The nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particular matter (PM) emitted from diesel engine are higher than those of a gasoline engine. As long as the NOx and PM emission from diesel engines are solved, it is believed that diesel engines will continue to be paid more attention. Compared with the research on changing the engine structure, more researchers focus on alternative and renewable fuels to reduce emissions from an internal combustion engine (ICE) without any modification. The development of alternative fuel for ICE has the advantages of a short cycle, quick effect and low cost [3,4]
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