COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF PLACENTAL CRYOEXTRACT UNDER DIFFERENT MODES OF APPLICATION IN THE EXPERIMENT

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Among the causes of disability in the adult population, diseases of the digestive tract occupy the 5th place, and about 20.0–30.0% of them is peptic ulcer disease, which leads to permanent disability in more than 50.0% of patients. According to scientific reports, the prevalence of this pathology is due to its polyetiology, which leads to clinical heterogeneity and recurrent course. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative assessment of the antiulcer effect of placental cryoextract in prophylactic, therapeutic and therapeutic-prophylactic regimens in models of ethanol-prednisolone gastric lesions. The study was performed on 84 nonlinear laboratory male rats weighing 200–220 g. To simulate damage to the gastric mucosa, rats were administered a single ethanol-prednisolone mixture: prednisolone (20 mg/kg) dissolved in 80.0% ethyl alcohol (0.6 ml / 100 g of animal body weight). The rats were killed in 24 h after the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture. The drug "Cryocell-cryoextract of the placenta" was used in three modes: for prophylactic purpose – once a day for 5 days before the ethanol-prednisolone administration; for therapeutic purpose – once in 60 min after the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture; for the therapeutic and prophylactic purposes – once in 3 days before the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture and 60 min following the administration of ethanol-prednisolone mixture. The effect of the studied drug on the condition of the gastric mucosa was assessed macroscopically by L. V. Yakovleva scale. Macroscopic evaluation of the gastric mucosa showed that after 24 h following the administration of the ethanol-prednisolone mixture, the severity of damage averaged 3.7±0.37 points out of the five maximal points, and the ulcer index was 3.9 SU, respectively. The prophylactic five-day administration of esomeprazole resulted in an antiulcer activity in 45.9% of cases that was 1.8 times lower than that of the cryoextract rats. Erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa under the therapeutic-and-prophylactic modes of placental cryoextract were observed in only 28.6% of rats that corresponded to the value of the ulcer index equalled 0.3 units, and antiulcer activity was 92.3%. Under this regimen, the antiulcer activity of the cryoextract was practically comparable to the efficacy of esomeprazole (97.4%). Conclusion. The administration of cryoextracted placenta for the therapeutic purpose (once after ethanol-prednisolone mixture) is accompanied by the lowest antiulcer activity that was 22.2% and in 4.1 times lower than the effectiveness of esomeprazole. Therapeutic and prophylactic application of cryoextracted placenta led to a statistically significant (p<0.05) attenuation of the damaging effects of ethanol-predniolone mixture, and antiulcer activity was 92.3%, respectively.