Comparative Analysis of Physical Performance and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Down Syndrome and their Typically Developing Peers.

Quality of life in young adolescents with epilepsy: A case control study.

Background Obesity is a chronic disease defined as excess fat in the body, and the increased prevalence of obesity is known to be linked with metabolic, endocrine, skeletal cardiovascular, pulmonary, and psychological problems. Body mass index (BMI) was known to be associated with physical activity. Sedentary lifestyle has reached more serious dimensions due to increased screen time with the development of technology. Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and functional capacity, digital game addiction, and quality of life in adolescents with obesity. Methods Twenty-four adolescents with obesity (13 female, 13.93±1.10); 11 male, 14.33±1.10) were included in the study. Demographic features and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Functional capacity was assessed with six-minute walk test (6MWT), peripheral muscle strength evaluated with hand dynamometer, physical activity using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for adolescents (PAQ-A), digital game addiction using short form of digital game addiction scale (DGAS), quality of life using Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDSQL). The Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation between physical activity and other assessed parameters. Results Physical activity positively correlated with 6MWT distance% (r=0.498; p=0.013), peripheral muscle strength (r=0.468; p=0.021), PEDSQL-school (r=0.532; p=0.47) and PEDSQL-physical (r=0.532; p=0.003) subparameters of PEDSQL, FFM (r=0.585; p=0.003), and negatively corraleted with DGAS score (r=-0.672; p=<0.001), BMI (r=-0.651, p=<0.001), FM% (r=-0.485, p=0.016). Conclusion Physical activity was found to be moderately corraleted with BMI, digital game addiction, and quality of life and weakly corraleted with functional capacity, peripheral muscle strength, and FFM and FM% in adolescents with obesity in our study. These findings indicate that physical activity is an important parameter that may influence the physical features and functional status of adolescents with obesity. Further studies are needed that investigate the impact of regular physical activity on functional status.

Introduction There is limited evidence regarding the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the emergence of new-onset psychiatric disorders in adolescents. This prospective study analysed psychiatric disorders, quality of life, and emotional and behavioral difficulties in adolescents with TBI and orthopedic trauma at a 6-month follow-up. Methods Adolescents with TBI and a control orthopedic trauma group (without a history of psychiatric disorders) were evaluated using both the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Results Forty-one adolescents with TBI and 45 with orthopedic injuries were assessed. TBI patients had significantly lower quality of life and higher levels of emotional difficulties. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was higher in the TBI group (41.5% vs 15.6%). TBI group had higher rates of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression after 6 months. Hospitalization length and GCS scores were correlated with quality of life outcomes. Regression analysis revealed the presence of psychiatric disorders at 6 months was a significant predictor of reduced quality of life. Conclusion This study highlights a significant association between TBI and poorer quality of life and mental health outcomes in adolescents. Adolescents with TBI had higher rates of psychiatric disorder, more pronounced emotional difficulties, and a lower quality of life.

To examine the relationship between frailty status, family functioning, and quality of life in adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD). Frailty is a rarely assessed health outcome in adolescents. Despite advances in paediatric CHD treatment, potential complications may cause frailty, affecting family dynamics and quality of life. Family support and early screening are vital to managing the symptoms of frailty associated with CHD. Cross-sectional study. During the period from July 2022 to August 2023, 302 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 who had received a diagnosis of CHD were assessed for frailty using criteria that included slowness, weakness, exhaustion, shrinkage/body composition, and diminished physical activity. Data were collected from assessments of grip strength, the 6-min walk test, body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, the PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale Adolescent, Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, the Family Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve scale, and the PedsQL 3.0 Cardiac Module. All data were subjected to multiple linear regression analysis. Frailty, as measured by exhaustion and diminished physical activity, was significantly more prevalent in adolescents with severe symptoms of CHD than in those without symptoms. Of the participants, 56.6% were prefrail, and 8.3% were frail. Adolescents who were frail and lived in dysfunctional families experienced a worse quality of life than participants with robust health and those with positive family functioning. Frailty and family dysfunction negatively affect the quality of life in adolescents with CHD. Developing programmes that detect frailty early and improve family functioning for adolescents with CHD is critical. Establishing guidelines for identifying frailty in this population can minimise adverse health effects and enhance familial relationships. No patient or public involvement.

Background Epilepsy impacts health-related quality of life and increases sleep disturbances. Duration of medication use, recurrent seizures, number of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), abnormal electroencephalography (EEG), and comorbidities are factors that might affect sleep and quality of life in adolescents with epilepsy. Objective To analyze risk factors related to sleep disturbances and quality of life in adolescents with epilepsy. Methods This analytical-observational study was performed in epilepsy outpatients treated between January – June 2024, of adolescent age, and had used AEDs for more than a year. Quality of life was evaluated using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) – Epilepsy Module, and sleep disturbances were evaluated using the Sleeping Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) questionnaire. Fisher’s and Kolmogorov-Smirnov analyses were performed along with logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results Forty-eight patients participated in this study. Subjects’ mean age was 12.69 (SD 2.4) years and 54.2% of subjects were male. Mean duration of medication use was 2 years with the minimum interval of the last seizure episode occurring 1 week before observation. More than half of the patients (60.4%) had abnormal EEGs. Most patients were treated with monotherapy AED (81.3%). Seventy five percent of patients had low quality of life and 47.9% had sleep disturbances. In multivariate analysis, adolescents with abnormal initial diagnosis EEGs had 19.1 times higher risk of sleep disturbances (95%CI 3.3 to 110.4 P= 0.001) than those with normal EEGs. Among patients with abnormal EEGs, sleep disturbances increase the risk of low quality of life (OR 1.6; 95%CI 0.93 to 2.73; P=0.015) . Conclusion Abnormal EEG was a significant risk factor for sleep disturbances and low quality of life in adolescent epilepsy patients.

Introduction Scoliosis is defined as a lateral deviation of the normal vertical line of the spine measured on radiography, with the curve greater than 10 degrees. One of the braces commonly used for scoliosis is Milwaukee. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Milwaukee brace on quality of life (QoL) in adolescents with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using the QLPSD questionnaire. Material and Method Eighty-four patients (10- 20 years old) with AIS were recruited. Patients divided into two groups: intervention group (with Milwaukee brace) and control group (without any interventions), The Quality of Life Profile for Spine Deformities (QLPSD) questionnaire was used to assess the individuals' QoL. The highest score indicates the lowest QoL and the lowest score indicates the highest QoL. The independent t-test was used to evaluate the difference between two groups. Result There were a significant increase between two groups in total QLPSD score (P=0.015). Regarding the QLPSD dimensions, mental function (P=0.003), sleep disorders (P=0.001), self-image (P=0.016), and flexibility of spine (P=0.018) were increased in Milwaukee brace group compared with no intervention group. Pain differences in two groups was not significant (P=0.061). Conclusion Using the Milwaukee brace reduced individuals' QoL with AIS. Due to the effective role of QoL on the treatment process, the Milwaukee braces should be prescribed cautiously.

(1) Background: Adolescence is a critical stage in the development of healthy habits. In this regard, physical activity has emerged as a useful tool to improve satisfaction with life and health-related quality of life in adolescents. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of physical activity in the relationship between satisfaction with life and health-related quality of life in adolescent boys and girls. Also, we aimed to investigate the differences between sexes in the HRQoL, physical activity level, and satisfaction with life. (2) Methods: A total of 297 adolescents, ranging in age from 11 to 12 years (11.46 ± 1.63), participated in this cross-sectional study. The Satisfaction with life scale, Physical activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaires were employed. (3) Results: The estimated indirect effect showed that physical activity level was a mediator of the positive effect of satisfaction with life on health-related quality of life (β = 0.105, 95% CI = 0.031; 0.202). However, the index of moderated mediation showed that sex is not a significant moderator of the mediating role of physical activity in the relationship between satisfaction with life and HRQoL (β = −0.033, 95% CI = −0.023, 0.136). Furthermore, significant differences in satisfaction with life were found, with girls manifesting lower values (p-value = 0.026). (4) Conclusion: This study shows the importance of physical activity during adolescence and the association of this behavior with the health-related quality of life of adolescents.

In type 1 diabetes (T1D), psychosocial factors may impact quality of life (QOL) and clinical outcomes, but remain understudied, particularly during late adolescence. Our aim was to determine whether stigma, diabetes distress and self-efficacy are associated with QOL in adolescents with T1D as they are preparing to transition to adult care. We conducted a cross-sectional study of adolescents (ages 16-17 years) with T1D participating in the Group Education Trial to Improve Transition (GET-IT) in Montreal, Canada. Participants completed validated questionnaires on stigma using the Barriers to Diabetes Adherence [BDA] stigma subscale, self-efficacy (Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management Measure [SEDM], score 1 to 10), diabetes distress (Diabetes Distress Scale for Adults with Type 1 Diabetes) and QOL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory [PedsQL] 4.0 Generic Core Scale and PedsQL 3.2 Diabetes Module). We examined associations of stigma, diabetes distress and self-efficacy with QOL using multivariate linear regression models adjusted for sex, diabetes duration, socioeconomic status and HbA1c. Of 128 adolescents with T1D, 76 (59%) self-reported having diabetes-related stigma and 29 (22.7%) reported experiencing diabetes distress. Those with stigma had lower diabetes-specific and general QOL scores compared with those without stigma, and stigma and diabetes distress were both associated with lower diabetes-specific QOL and lower general QOL. Self-efficacy was associated with higher diabetes-specific and general QOL. Stigma and diabetes distress are associated with lower QOL whereas self-efficacy is associated with higher QOL in adolescents with T1D preparing to transfer to adult care.

Background: The prevalence of dental and oral disease in Indonesia is still high (57.6%) and the most cases are dental caries and periodontal disease. Adolescents during puberty are prone to oral health problems, so they need attention from dental and oral health care programs. Preventive measures against dental and oral diseases need to be carried out in adolescents so that there are no disturbances in function, activity, and work productivity which will affect quality of life. Technological developments require innovation to detect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adolescents early. Objective: To determine the relationship between motivation and dental health self-care behavior with the quality of life of adolescents using the Oral Health Impact profile-14 or OHIP-14 questionnaire. Method: This type of research is observational analytic with a cross sectional design. The research location is at the Junior High School in the Sleman Regency area. The sample was 100 teenagers aged 12-15 years. The sampling technique was carried out using purposive sampling. The data analysis used was bivariate analysis using chi-square correlation to determine the relationship between motivation and dental health behavior and quality of life in adolescents. Results: There is a significant relationship between motivation and quality of life (p=0.004; OR=4.74). Adolescents with low motivation have a tendency to have a low quality of life 4.74 times compared to adolescents with high motivation. There is a significant relationship between dental health self-care behavior and quality of life (p=0.041; OR= 5.47). Adolescents with bad behavior tend to have a lower quality of life 5.47 times compared to adolescents with good dental health behavior. Conclusion: There is a relationship between motivation and dental health self-care behavior and quality of life in adolescents. Keywords: Motivation, Behavior, Quality of Life of Adolescents

The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in childhood and adolescents is increasing worldwide and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes represents an important stressful condition for families and adolescents. The maintenance of normal glycemic results requires adherence to self-care behaviors in order to prevent disease compli‐ cations. However, diabetes self-care requires extensive and daily behavioral demands from adolescents that may interfere with their quality of life. Parents have an important influence on T1DM’ management, in adolescents. Family functioning is an important determinant of metabolic control and adolescents’ quality of life. During adolescence, parents must transfer the responsibility for diabetes care to the adolescent and supervise diabetes management. Parental style and family conflict are related to glycemic control and quality of life in adolescents. The main goal of this chapter was to analyze the relationship between metabolic control, quality of life and family functioning in T1DM adolescents.

Very little is known about how self-reported gingival bleeding affects the oral health-related quality of life in adolescents compared with clinically evident bleeding. This study aimed to compare the impact of self-reported gingival bleeding and clinically evident gingival bleeding on the oral health-related quality of life in young adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study involving 976 students (aged 10-14 years) in randomly selected primary schools in Ibadan. Data were obtained by oral examination and completion of the Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance Questionnaire. Data were analysed with SPSS version 24. The Mann Whitney U test was used to determine the association between gingival bleeding and the quality of life. The mean age of the participants was 11.4±1.3 years. Almost half (48.3%) of the participants reported gingival bleeding during tooth cleaning while the gingiva of 534 (54.7%) participants bled on examination. Pupils with self-reported bleeding suffered a significantly greater impact on their overall quality of life than those without self-reported bleeding (mean ranks: 528.1 vs. 451.6, P<0.001). For pupils with self-reported bleeding, there were higher impacts on all domains relating to quality of life than those who did not report bleeding (eating: mean ranks=521.0 vs. 458.2; speaking: 502.2 vs. 475.8; teeth cleaning: 522.7 vs. 456.7; sleeping: 497.7 vs. 456.7; showing teeth/smiling: 503.4 vs. 474.6; emotional stability: 501.1 vs. 476.8; school work: 492.4 vs. 484.9, and enjoying contact with other children: 494.0 vs. 483.4). There was no statistically significant association between clinically evident bleeding and impacts on the quality of life (P=0.272). Almost half of the students reported gingival bleeding while cleaning their teeth and over 50% experienced gingival bleeding on probing. Those with self-reporting of gingival bleeding had greater impacts on oral health-related quality of life compared with those with clinically evident bleeding.

Stress and obesity has emerged as a major problem in society. According to “The Economic Times” report, India is second largest in the case of obese children in the world1 .The present study is an attempt to investigate the obesity, stress and quality of life in adolescents. For this sample of 60 (thirty each) obese and non-obese adolescents in the age range on 13 to 17 years were included in the study through purposive sampling technique from district Haridwar. WHOQOL-BREF and the Student Stress Scale were used to measure the quality of life and stress of adolescents. Critical analysis of the data revels that significant differences were found in stress and quality of life in obese and non-obese adolescents.

BackgroundTo describe the quality of life of adolescents initiating haemodialysis, to determine the factors associated with quality of life, and to assess coping strategies and their impact on quality of life.MethodsAll adolescents initiating haemodialysis between September 2013 and July 2015 in French paediatric haemodialysis centres were included. Quality of life data were collected using the “Vécu et Santé Perçue de l’Adolescent et l’Enfant” questionnaire, and coping data were collected using the Kidcope questionnaire. Adolescent’s quality of life was compared with age- and sex-matched French control.ResultsThirty-two adolescents were included. Their mean age was 13.9 ± 2.0 years. The quality of life score was lowest in leisure activities and highest in relationships with medical staff. Compared with the French control, index, energy-vitality, relationships with friends, leisure activities and physical well-being scores were significantly lower in haemodialysis population. In multivariate analyses, active coping was positively associated with quality of life and especially with energy-vitality, relationships with parents and teachers, and school performance. In contrast, avoidant and negative coping were negatively associated with energy-vitality, psychological well-being and body image for avoidant coping, and body image and relationships with medical staff for negative coping.ConclusionsThe quality of life of haemodialysis adolescents, and mainly the dimensions of leisure activities, physical well-being, relationships with friends and energy-vitality, were significantly altered compared to that of the French population. The impact of coping strategies on quality of life seems to be important. Given the importance of quality of life and coping strategies in adolescents with chronic disease, health care professionals should integrate these aspects into care management.

BackgroundChild welfare services are aimed at providing care and protection, fostering well-being and prosocial behaviour. Thus, Quality of Life (QoL) should be an important outcome measure in Residential Youth Care (RYC) institutions. However, the dearth of research in this area gives rise to serious concern. The present study is the first large scale, nationwide study assessing QoL among adolescents living in RYC. To provide a reference frame, adolescent self- and primary contact proxy reports were compared to the general population and to adolescent outpatients in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS). Also, we investigated the association between self-report of QoL in adolescents living in RYC and proxy reports of their primary contacts at the institution.MethodsAll residents between the ages of 12–23 years living in RYC in Norway were the inclusion criteria. Eighty-six RYC institutions (with 601 eligible youths) were included, 201 youths/ parents did not give their consent. Finally, 400 youths aged 12–20 years participated, yielding a response rate of 67 %. As a reference frame for comparison, a general population (N = 1444) and an outpatient sample of adolescents in CAMHS (N = 68) were available. We used the Questionnaire for Measuring Health-related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents (KINDL-R). General Linear Model analyses (ANCOVA) were conducted with five KINDL life domains as dependent variables and group as independent variable.ResultsSelf- and proxy reports of QoL in adolescents living in RYC revealed a significantly (p < 0.001) poorer QoL compared to the general population on the life domains Physical- and Emotional well-being, Self-esteem, and relationship with Friends. Adolescents evaluated their physical well-being as worse compared to adolescents in CAHMS. Self- and proxy reports in RYC differed significantly on two of five life domains, but correlated low to moderate with each other.ConclusionsThe results in this study raise major concerns about the poor QoL of the adolescents living in RYC, thereby challenging the child welfare system and decision makers to take action to improve the QoL of this group. The use of QoL as outcome measures is highly recommended.

Body image disturbance, psychosocial adjustment and quality of life in adolescents with amputation