Comparative analysis of medical and statistical indicators of morbidity in the military serving under contract in the Navy and Land Forces of Russia (2003–2018)

Abstract

Relevance. When solving military-professional tasks during the period of reforming the Armed Forces of Russia, military servicemen under contract (sergeants, foremen, privates and sailors) are given a special role, and in a number of units they must replace conscripts.Intention To analize medical and statistical morbidity indicators of military personnel under contract in the Navy and the Land Forces of Russia.Methods. We studied medical reports on the state of health of personnel and medical service activity according to Form 3 / MED of military units, in which about 60% of the total number of servicemen of the Russian Armed Forces served from 2003 to 2018. Morbidity indicators were correlated with the International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision (ICD-10).Results and Discussion. As a rule, the military personnel under contract in the Russian Navy had lower morbidity rates with high dismissal rates. In particular, the indicators were as follows: the average annual overall morbidity rates were (855.0 ± 65.3) and (946.9 ± 49.7) ‰ in the military personnel under contract in the Russian Navy and in the Land Forces of Russia, respectively; primary incidence, (384.8 ± 19.3) and (472.0 ± 22.8) ‰, respectively (p < 0.01); need for follow-up, (92.8 ± 9.9) and (74.3 ± 4.7) ‰, respectively; hospital admission rates, (205.8 ± 39.2) and (235.2 ± 13.2) ‰, respectively; working days lost, (4,038 ± 203) and (3.944 ± 196) ‰, respectively; dismissal rates, (6.82 ± 0.57) and (4.40 ± 0.61) ‰, respectively (p < 0.01); mortality rates, (112.13 ± 9.91) and (111.76 ± 7.80) per 100,000 military personnel under contract. It is possible that this phenomenon was determined by the peculiarities of professional activity, the organization of medical support and the high demands placed on the state of health of the Russian Navy servicemen. A significant part of the leading disease blocks with a share of 0.5% or more in the structure of medical and statistical morbidity indicators, were similar between the military personnel under contract in the Navy of Russia and the Land Forces of Russia. In the structure of the assessed military-epidemiological significance of disease blocks among the military personnel under contract of the Russian Navy, acute infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00– 06 by ICD-10) ranked 1st, diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–K31) ranked 2nd, followed by injuries involving several areas of the body (T08–T14), head injuries (S00–S09), ischemic heart disease (I20–I25). In the military personnel under contract in the Land Forces of Russia, these were the following diseases, from the most to least significant: acute infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00–J06), injuries involving several areas of the body (T08–T14), head injuries (S00–S09), diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–K31), and infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00–L08).Conclusion. Prevention of the leading groups of disaeses will contribute to improving the health status of servicemen under contract, and taking data on morbidity into account will help organize diagnostic and treatment assistance and optimize the personnel and material resources of military medical organizations.