Abstract
Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in the anatomy of the anterior segment with and without accommodation in primary and middle-school students.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Ultrasound biomocroscopy (UBM) was used to test 54 primary students and 55 middle-school students in Fuzhou.Some parameters related to the ciliary body,iris,anterior chamber angle and other relevant data were measured with UBM.Data were analyzed using a paired t test and independent-samples t test.Results Results for the primary student group without accommodation were as follows:the ciliary process distance (CPD) was 160.53±17.78 μm,ciliary body thickness (CT) was 90.01±34.30 μm,iris-ciliary process distance (ICPD) was 23.11±3.33 μm,iris thickness (IT) 1 was 35.95±6.60 μm and IT2 was 52.81±9.94 μm,trabecular ciliary process distance (TCPD) was 151.27±23.11 μm,θ3 was 39.23°±7.46°,and θ4 was 56.02°±6.75°.The results with accommodation were as follows:187.62±15.44 μm,74.23±19.87 μm,19.78±2.69 μm,30.34±5.83 μm,47.11±6.71 μm,131.55±20.02 μm,31.68°±5.14°,and 50.39°±4.89° (t=8.45,2.93,5.72,4.68,3.49,4.74,6.12,4.96,P＜0.05).The respective results for the middle-school student group without accommodation were as follows:214.64±15.25 μm,99.13±17.80 μm,27.92±9.00 μm,40.72±6.43 μm,56.57±9.13 μm,176.82±28.06 μm,43.73°±6.93°,and 60.15°±10.48°.Results with accommodation were as follows:271.38±11.96 μm,93.27±10.42 μm,21.66±7.54 μm,35.68±4.37 μm,50.17±6.49 μm,136.41±19.35 μm,39.51°±5.28°,and 53.68°±9.12° (t=20.91,2.03,3.81,4.63,4.08,8.47,3.46,3.33,P＜0.05).There was a significant difference between these 2 groups with accommodation (in the same sequence,t=30.95,6.10,4.47,5.29,2.37,7.70,2.32,and 6.98,P＜0.05).Conclusion The most significant change occurs in the ciliary body with near accommodation:muscle fibers contract,especially in the circular muscles,and move forward and inward to induce the suspensory ligaments of the lens to loosen,thus achieving intense accommodation.The response is correlated with age:the younger the child,the more intense the response. Key words: Accommodation,ocular; Myopia; Ultrasound biomicroscopy
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