Comparative Analysis by GC-MS and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Noxious Weed (Lantana camara L.) from Western Ghats Region of North West Karnataka, India

Abstract

The essential oils obtained by hydro distillation from the leaves and flowers of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) and were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of fifty-nine compounds have been identified comprising 91.8% (leaves) and 95.7% (flowers) of the volatile constituents. The leaves essential oil contained α-zingiberene (13.4%), γ-curcumene (11.7%), (β-caryophyllene (10.6%), ar-curcumene (5.6%), 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (5.1%), (β-curcumene (4.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (4.8%) as the main components whereas the flowers essential oil was dominated by (β-caryophyllene (21.7%), ar-curcumene (20.6%), γ-gurjunene (19.6%), γ-curcumene (10.2%) and (β-curcumene (6.5%) as the major constituents. Both the oils were screened for their antimicrobial activity by tube dilution method against six Gram-positive, eight Gram-negative bacteria and three fungi. The organism Micrococcus flavus (Gram-positive bacteria) was found more susceptible to the leaves and flowers oils with MIC value of 0.06±0.01 mg/mL and 0.26±0.03 mg/mL, respectively. The leaves and flowers oils were found to be active against Proteus mirabilis at a concentration of 0.83±0.13 mg/mL and 0.47±0.07 mg/mL, respectively. The microorganism Aspergillus niger was found susceptible to the flowers oil with MIC of 0.22±0.04 mg/mL, while Penicillium chrysogenum was susceptible at a concentration of 0.18±0.04 mg/mL.