Abstract
The increasing needs of free licensed frequency bands like Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and 5G for underwater communications required more bandwidth (BW) with higher data transferring rate. Microwaves produce a higher transferring rate of data, and their associated devices are smaller in comparison with sonar and ultrasonic. Thus, transceivers should have broad BW to cover more of a frequency band, especially from ultra-wideband (UWB) systems, which show potential outcomes. However, previous designs of similar work for underwater communications were very complicated, uneasy to fabricate, and large. Therefore, to overcome these shortcomings, a novel compact elliptical UWB antenna is designed to resonate from 1.3 to 7.2 GHz. It is invented from a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) layer with a dielectric constant of 2.55 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm. The proposed antenna shows higher gain and radiation efficiency and stability throughout the working band when compared to recent similarly reported designs, even at a smaller size. The characteristics of the functioning antenna are investigated through fluid mediums of fresh-water, seawater, distilled water, and Debye model water. Later, its channel capacity, bit rate error, and data rate are evaluated. The results demonstrated that the antenna offers compact, easier fabrication with better UWB characteristics for underwater 5G communications.
Highlights
The efforts to have better quality, higher speed, higher data rate transmission and low-cost systems in communication industries have been increased due to the demand of the industry [1]
The UWB antennas have the working BW of 3.1–10.6 GH based on Federal Communications
After adjusting the band of 0–10 GHz in a simulation process, the band of 1.2–7.2 GHz was obtained. It has been tried throughout the designing procedure to shift the antenna to the lower frequency band since the antenna is designed for the underwater communication applications
Summary
The efforts to have better quality, higher speed, higher data rate transmission and low-cost systems in communication industries have been increased due to the demand of the industry [1]. As a crucial device in communication and telecommunication technologies, antennas are required to have good performances to accelerate the communication process [2,3]. These antennas are utilized in many applications, such as telecommunication and communication technologies [4]. That includes the underwater communications and their related devices, especially with regard to the mutual conversion of electric current to electromagnetic waves and vice versa. This concerns their capability of transmitting and receiving the signals [5]. Fast development in the industry brought too many interests in underwater communication systems, especially when these systems were applied for Micromachines 2021, 12, 411.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
