Abstract
Imaging of the human retina with high resolution is an essential step towards improved diagnosis and treatment control. In this paper, we introduce a compact, clinically user-friendly instrument based on swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). A key feature of the system is the realization of two different operation modes. The first operation mode is similar to conventional OCT imaging and provides large field of view (FoV) images (up to 45° × 30°) of the human retina and choroid with standard resolution. The second operation mode enables it to optically zoom into regions of interest with high transverse resolution using adaptive optics (AO). The FoV of this second operation mode (AO-OCT mode) is 3.0° × 2.8° and enables the visualization of individual retinal cells such as cone photoreceptors or choriocapillaris. The OCT engine is based on an akinetic swept source at 1060 nm and provides an A-scan rate of 200 kHz. Structural as well as angiographic information can be retrieved from the retina and choroid in both operational modes. The capabilities of the prototype are demonstrated in healthy and diseased eyes.
Highlights
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown to be an essential tool for detecting and investigating retinal diseases [1]
Capabilities of OCT for diagnosis have been further enhanced by the implementation of OCT angiography (OCTA) [3,4,5,6,7]
adaptive optics (AO)-OCT enables the visualization of various cell types in the retina such as cone photoreceptors [19,20,21], rod photoreceptors [22], retinal pigment epithelium cells [22,23,24], erythrocytes [25] or even ganglion cells [26]
Summary
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown to be an essential tool for detecting and investigating retinal diseases [1]. In order to get more insight into these processes, information that is obtained at a cellular level in the living human retina is required. Commercial OCT instruments lack sufficient transverse resolution for cellular imaging because aberrations introduced to the imaging beam prevent the use of the full numerical aperture of the eye. Imaging at a cellular level will be limited and individual cells such as cone photoreceptors can only be visualized under specific conditions in healthy volunteers [11, 12]. AO-OCT enables the visualization of various cell types in the retina such as cone photoreceptors [19,20,21], rod photoreceptors [22], retinal pigment epithelium cells [22,23,24], erythrocytes [25] or even ganglion cells [26]
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