Abstract
To compare the frequency of age-related ophthalmic diseases in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. The study included 60 patients with severe cognitive impairment divided into two equal groups matched for sex and age. The first group included patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The second group consisted of people with a diagnosis of vascular dementia. All patients underwent clinical and neuropsychological as well as standard (visometry, refraction, measurement of intraocular pressure, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, computed perimetry) and complex (optic coherent tomography) ophthalmologic examinations. In patients with Alzheimer's disease, concomitant ophthalmologic pathology in the form of glaucoma was observed more often in 46,7% of cases, pseudoexfoliation syndrome in 20% of cases, age-related macular degeneration in 16,7% of cases, while in the vascular dementia group the majority (80%) of patients did not have concomitant ophthalmologic pathology. When analyzing the severity of cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease and various concomitant ophthalmic pathology, it was shown that patients with Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma have more significant impairments compared to patients without concomitant ophthalmological pathology.
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