Abstract
To evaluate the combined use of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and a gadolinium-based blood-pool agent for magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). After an initial intravenous injection of the blood-pool agent Gadomer (Schering AG, Germany), repeated transcatheter CO(2) injections were performed in the aorta and the renal arteries of two fully-anesthetized pigs. Real-time images were acquired using a true fast imaging with steady-state precession (FISP) sequence. During the CO(2) injections, the Gadomer-enhanced blood was totally replaced, resulting in an immediate, temporary, total signal loss in the vessel lumen. Susceptibility artifacts during the injections or catheter manipulations rarely occurred. Due to T1-shortening, the circulating blood-pool agent prevents flow artifacts during catheter manipulations because the steady-state is reached much earlier. Therefore, this double-contrast MRA method improves catheter conspicuity and might be helpful for guiding and controlling intravascular procedures during interventional MRI.
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