Abstract
Molecular changes elicited by common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in response to Fusarium oxysproum f. sp. Phaseoli (FOP) remain elusive. We studied the changes in root metabolism during common bean–FOP interactions using a combined de novo transcriptome and metabolome approach. Our results demonstrated alterations of transcript levels and metabolite concentrations in common bean roots 24 h post infection as compared to control. The transcriptome and metabolome responses in common bean roots revealed significant changes in structural defense i.e., cell-wall loosening and weakening characterized by hyper accumulation of cell-wall loosening and degradation related transcripts. The levels of pathogenesis related genes were significantly higher upon FOP inoculation. Interestingly, we found the involvement of glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in signal transduction in response to FOP infection. Our results confirmed that hormones have strong role in signaling pathways i.e., salicylic acid, jasmonate, and ethylene pathways. FOP induced energy metabolism and nitrogen mobilization in infected common bean roots as compared to control. Importantly, the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway in response to FOP infection as revealed by the combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis. Overall, the observed modulations in the transcriptome and metabolome flux as outcome of several orchestrated molecular events are determinant of host’s role in common bean–FOP interactions.
Highlights
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (FOP), is a destructive soil-borne common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) disease
To identify the most potential candidate genes related to resistance mechanism in common bean against FOP, we focused subsequent analysis on the 11,950 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with fold change > 2 (Table S4)
The differences in terms of DEGs between the inoculated and non-inoculated common bean showed that nitrogen metabolism and energy metabolism participated in defense response to FOP infection
Summary
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (FOP), is a destructive soil-borne common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) disease. Only a limited number of studies have been conducted to understand the mechanism and pathways involved in response to FOP infection. Considering the amount of work done in model plants and other plant species infected with FO, it is important to understand the metabolic changes, transcriptional regulation, or physiological responses of bioactive and signaling compounds during infection of common bean with FOP. (http://www.genome.jp/kegg/) was used to perform pathway mapping of the DEGs involved in common bean–FO interactions to facilitate the inspection of the plant gene networks. To identify the most potential candidate genes related to resistance mechanism in common bean against FOP, we focused subsequent analysis on the 11,950 DEGs with fold change > 2 (Table S4).
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