Abstract
The capacity to perceive color in the peripheral field has attracted research interest for more than a decade. There is evidence that sensitivity to red-green color variations is lower than for yellow-blue in peripheral vision. Whether, and to what extent, color vision affects the visual focus of attention, which is normally much smaller than the visual field, has not yet been examined. We used a sport-specific decision-making task to assess whether the color of the jersey worn by players appearing in the periphery influences decision making by affecting the attentional and perceptual capabilities. Pairs of players wearing chromatic (blue, yellow, red, and green) and achromatic (black, white) colored jerseys were briefly presented across a range of visual angles on a 6 m concave immersive screen. Participants were required to decide to whom to pass and recall relevant information. Findings indicate that color perception changes vary with increasing visual angle, but that the focus of attention is too small to be influenced by jersey color sensitivity. Decision-making performance decreases with increasing visual angle, but is not influenced by color. The implications for decision-making processes in sport and other professional domains are discussed.
Highlights
It is well reported that color perception changes across the visual field (Newton and Eskew, 2003; McKeefry et al, 2007; Hansen et al, 2009)
While most researchers have concentrated on visual perception, the effect of different colored stimuli on people’s focus of attention, which normally is much smaller than the visual field, has not been adequately investigated
Summarizing visual angles in two categories, we found no difference in the accuracy rate between small and large angles for the color white, t(19) = 1.795, p = 0.089, but lower accuracy scores were reported at larger angles for the colors yellow, t(19) = 8.389, p < 0.001, d = 1.88, and green, t(19) = 12.730, p < 0.001, d = 2.85, indicating that color perception changes across the visual field
Summary
It is well reported that color perception changes across the visual field (Newton and Eskew, 2003; McKeefry et al, 2007; Hansen et al, 2009). One study by Olde Rikkert et al (2015) has focused on the effects of outfit color on the assessment of players’ positions Their analysis revealed the widest angle of perception and location assessment was for players wearing white when compared to other colored jerseys. These findings can be explained by differentiation of the characteristics of chromatic and achromatic colors in visual periphery. An attentional task required the differentiation between color and shape of stimuli (recognition of players wearing black jerseys and assessment of their running direction) so that it demanded visual attention (cf., Treisman and Gelade, 1980). This relatively novel approach allowed us to more realistically measure perceptual and attentional skills related to decision making across a broader field of view
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