Abstract
The mid-1920s saw Joseph Rosen and the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) establish the core of the Jewish colonization project in Soviet Russia, but the entire Jewish community did not share the enthusiasm of the New York-based philantrophies supporting the project. From 1924 until the early 1930s, institutional politics in the Jewish diaspora was overshadowed by a bitter conflict over the JDC's Joint Agricultural Corporation. Despite its potential benefit for the settlers, colonization sparked new hostility in America. Aside from rivalry with Zionists, the JDC had to convince America's Jews to show commitment of time and assets in Soviet Russia. Its activity in the diaspora was complicated by relations with the Hasidim in the USSR and their sympathizers in America.
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