Abstract
A seeded FEL driven by a linac based on super conducting cavities, generating 108–1010 coherent photons per shot at 2–5 keV with 0.2–1 MHz of repetition rate, can address the need of a source devoted to fine analysis of matter using the linear spectroscopy technique. The seeding scheme described hereafter is a multi-stage cascade upshifting the radiation frequency by a factor 20–40. The x-ray range can be achieved with a seed constituted by a coherent flash in the extreme ultraviolet range provided by an FEL oscillator operating at 12–14 nm. The whole chain of x-ray generation is described by means of start-to-end three-dimensional simulations.
Highlights
The generation of free-electron laser (FEL) radiation with high longitudinal coherence degree in the x-ray range is a very demanding and stimulating research field aimed at producing a tool for the fine time-resolved analysis of matter, with applications extending from the life sciences to material physics
The most common operational mode of x-ray FELs is the self amplified spontaneous emission (SASE), where the amplification starts from the electron shot noise and its longitudinal coherence is intrinsically limited by the stochastic nature of the start-up process
Besides the harmonics’ generation in crystals, the radiation obtained with high harmonic generation (HHG) processes in gases [13, 14] could be used as seed for FELs [15,16,17]
Summary
V Petrillo1,2,3,7 , M Opromolla, A Bacci, F Broggi, I Drebot, G Ghiringhelli , E Puppin, M Rossetti Conti, A R Rossi, M Ruijter, S Samsam, A Tagliaferri, G Rossi and L Serafini
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