Abstract
Coffee is the major commodity legally traded in the world from agricultural productions. Even though, it’s economically important, its production and productivity is challenged by many factors, of which insect pests are the major. Among insect pests, coffee berry borer is the most challenging insect pest of coffee throughout the globe. It is the most important biotic constraints for commercial coffee production worldwide and major concern in eastern Africa. The infestations start when the adult females bore the berry and deposit eggs inside it. Hatched larvae start to feed on the inside the berry, which leads the reduction of yield and quality of the marketable product. On the other hand, almost all the lifecycle of the insect carried out inside the coffee berry and its cryptic nature, making it diffcult to control. Additionally, global warming is particularly important for coffee because of its influence on occurrence of pests which often diminish production and quality of coffee. Increasing infestation of coffee berry borer and their management have significantly constrained economical production of coffee. The infestation of the pest is highly influenced by altitude, coffee production system, agroforestry practices, shade intensity levels and the natural enemies’ diversity and populations. Many management options like cultural, insecticides, microbial and traps showed promising results under field conditions. But, using these options solely is unsustainable and ineffective for long term solutions. Then development of integrated management option for coffee berry borer is an issue in the future. And the compatibility of the promised options along with their application sequence also needs focus. The paper reviewed and identifies the research efforts should focus to increase the successfully developing an effective coffee berry borer management methods.
Highlights
Coffee is one of the major commodities which played significant source of income for more than 80 countries in the international agricultural trade [1]
Even though coffee berry borer is the major insect pest affecting worldwide commercial coffee productions; it is a major concern in eastern Africa region [14,15,16]
More than 70 percent share is from C. arabica which is originated in Ethiopia
Summary
Coffee is one of the major commodities which played significant source of income for more than 80 countries in the international agricultural trade [1]. In terms of economic importance, there are five coffee insect pests that are important on Arabica coffee in East Africa These include antestia bugs, coffee berry borer, green scales Even though coffee berry borer is the major insect pest affecting worldwide commercial coffee productions; it is a major concern in eastern Africa region [14,15,16]. Jaramillo et al [16] suggested that the probably C. canephora was the original host of the coffee berry borer This coffee species is primarily produced at lower altitudes areas. Due to temperatures increment of coffee growing regions, the infestation of the pest recorded at higher altitudes, where it C. arabica is dominant [16]. The objective of this paper is to identify the major achievements, the research gaps and put the future work on which the research should focus for the successful and effective coffee berry borer management options
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